Archives > 1976 South Carolina Code of Laws - Previous Versions > 2000 Session > Title 12

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SECTION 12-6-10. Short title.

This chapter may be cited as the "South Carolina Income Tax Act".

SECTION 12-6-20. Administration and enforcement of chapter.

The department shall administer and enforce the taxes imposed by this chapter. The department shall make and publish rules and regulations, not inconsistent with this chapter, necessary to enforce its provisions. These rules and regulations have the force of law.

SECTION 12-6-30. Definitions.

As used in this chapter, the following words have the meaning provided unless otherwise required by the context:

(1) "Taxpayer" includes an individual, trust, estate, partnership, association, company, corporation, or any other entity subject to the tax imposed by this chapter or required to file a return.

(2) "Resident individual" means an individual domiciled in this State. A "nonresident individual" means an individual other than a resident individual or a part-year resident.

(3) "Part-year resident" means an individual who is a resident individual for only a portion of the tax year.

(4) "Resident estate" means the estate of a decedent who was domiciled in this State at death. "Nonresident estate" means an estate other than a resident estate.

(5) "Resident trust" means a trust administered in this State. "Nonresident trust" is a trust other than a resident trust.

(6) "Resident beneficiary" means a beneficiary of an estate or trust who is a resident individual, resident estate, resident trust, resident partnership, or resident corporation. "Nonresident beneficiary" means a beneficiary other than a resident beneficiary.

(7) "Resident partner" means a partner who is a resident individual, resident estate, resident trust, or resident corporation or resident partnership during the taxable year. "Nonresident partner" means a partner other than a resident partner.

(8) "Resident corporation" means a corporation whose principal place of business, as defined in item (9), is located within this State. "Nonresident corporation" means a corporation other than a resident corporation.

(9) "Principal place of business" means the domicile of a corporation. However, when none of the business of the corporation is conducted in the state of domicile, the department shall determine the principal place of business of the corporation based upon the available evidence.

(10) "Business" includes trade, profession, occupation, or employment.

(11) "Tangible property" includes real property and corporeal personal property but does not include money, bank deposits, shares of stock, bonds, credits, evidences of debt, choses in action, or evidences of an interest in property.

(12) "Intangible property" means all property other than tangible property.

SECTION 12-6-40. Application of federal Internal Revenue Code to State tax laws.

(A) "Internal Revenue Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 as amended through December 31, 1999, and includes the effective date provisions contained therein.

(B) All elections made for federal income tax purposes in connection with Internal Revenue Code Sections adopted by this State automatically apply for South Carolina income tax purposes unless otherwise provided. A taxpayer may not make an election solely for South Carolina income tax purposes except for elections not applicable for federal purposes, including filing a combined or composite return as provided in Sections 12-6-5020 and 12-6-5030, respectively.

(C) For purposes of Internal Revenue Code Sections 67 (Two Percent Floor on Miscellaneous Itemized Deductions), 71 (Alimony and Separate Maintenance Payments), 85 (Unemployment Compensation), 165 (Losses), 170 (Charitable Contributions), 213 (Medical and Dental Expenses), 219 (Retirement Savings), 469 (Passive Activity Losses and Credits Limited), and 631 (Gain or Loss in the Case of Timber, Coal, or Domestic Iron Ore), "Adjusted Gross Income" for South Carolina income tax purposes means a taxpayer's adjusted gross income for federal income tax purposes without regard to the adjustments required by Article 9 and Article 17 of this chapter.

(D) For a taxpayer utilizing the provisions of Internal Revenue Code Section 1341 (Computation of Tax where Taxpayer Restores Substantial Amount Held under Claim of Right) for South Carolina tax purposes the phrase "taxes imposed by this chapter" means taxes imposed by Chapter 6 of this title.

(E) The terms defined in Internal Revenue Code Sections 7701, 7702, and 7703 have the same meaning for South Carolina income tax purposes, unless a different meaning is clearly required.

(F) If a taxpayer complies with the provisions of Internal Revenue Code Section 367 (Foreign Corporations), it is not necessary for the taxpayer to obtain the approval of the department. The taxpayer shall attach a copy of the approval received from the Internal Revenue Service to its next South Carolina income tax return.

SECTION 12-6-50. Internal Revenue Code sections specifically not adopted by State.

For purposes of this chapter, except as otherwise specifically provided, the following Internal Revenue Code Sections are specifically not adopted by this State:

(1) Sections 1(a) through 1(e), 3, 11, and 1201 relating to federal tax rates;

(2) Sections 22 through 53, 515, 853, 901 through 908, and 960 relating to tax credits;

(3) Sections 55 through 59 relating to minimum taxes;

(4) Sections 78, 86, 87, 196, and 280C;

(5) Sections 72(m)(5)(B), 72(f), 72(o), 72(q), and 72(t), relating to penalty taxes on certain retirement plan distributions;

(6) Section 172(b)(1) relating to net operating loss carrybacks;

(7) Sections 531 through 564 relating to certain special taxes on corporations;

(8) Sections 581, 582, and 585 through 596 relating to the taxation of banking institutions;

(9) Sections 665 through 668 relating to taxation of certain accumulation distributions from trusts;

(10) Sections 801 through 845 relating to taxation of insurance companies;

(11) Sections 861 through 908, 912, and 931 through 989 relating to the taxation of foreign income;

(12) Sections 1401 through 1494;

(13) Sections 1501 through 1505 relating to consolidated tax returns; and

(14) Sections 2001 through 7655, 7801 through 7871, and 8001 through 9602, except for Section 6015, and except for Sections 6654 and 6655 which are adopted as provided in Section 12-6-3910.



SECTION 12-6-510. Tax rates for individuals, estates, and trusts for taxable years after 1994.

(A) For taxable years beginning after 1994, a tax is imposed on the South Carolina taxable income of individuals, estates, and trusts and any other entity except those taxed or exempted from taxation under Sections 12-6-530 through 12-6-550 computed at the following rates with the income brackets indexed in accordance with Section 12-6-520:

Not over $2,220 2.5 percent of taxable income

Over $2,220 but $56 plus 3 percent of

not over $4,440 the excess over $2,220;

Over $4,440 but $123 plus 4 percent of

not over $6,660 the excess over $4,440;

Over $6,660 but $212 plus 5 percent of

not over $8,880 the excess of $6,660;

Over $8,880 but $323 plus 6 percent of

not over $11,100 the excess over $8,880;

Over $11,100 $456 plus 7 percent of

the excess over $11,100.

(B) The department may prescribe tax tables consistent with the rates set pursuant to subsection (A).

SECTION 12-6-520. Annual adjustments to individual state income tax brackets; inflation adjustments.

Each December 15, the department shall cumulatively adjust the brackets in Section 12-6-510 in the same manner that brackets are adjusted in Internal Revenue Code Section (1)(f). However, the adjustment is limited to one-half of the adjustment determined by Internal Revenue Code Section (1)(f), may not exceed four percent a year, and the rounding amount provided in (1)(f)(6) is ten dollars. The brackets, as adjusted, apply in lieu of those provided in Section 12-6-510 for taxable years beginning in the succeeding calendar year. Inflation adjustments must be made cumulatively to the income tax brackets.

SECTION 12-6-530. Corporate income tax.

An income tax is imposed annually at the rate of five percent on the South Carolina taxable income of every corporation, other than those described in Sections 12-6-540 and 12-6-550, and any other entity taxed using the rates of a corporation for federal income tax purposes, transacting, conducting, or doing business within this State or having income within this State, regardless of whether these activities are carried on in intrastate, interstate, or foreign commerce. The terms "transacting", "conducting", and "doing business" include transacting or engaging in any activity for the purpose of financial profit or gain.

SECTION 12-6-540. Income tax rates for exempt organizations and cooperatives.

An income tax is imposed annually at the rate of five percent on the South Carolina taxable income of an organization described in Internal Revenue Code Sections 501 through 528 (Exempt Organizations) and 1381 (Cooperatives) as computed under Internal Revenue Code Sections 501(b) (unrelated business income), 1382 and 1383 (taxation of cooperatives) with the modifications provided in Article 9 of this chapter and subject to allocation and apportionment as provided in Article 17 of this chapter.

SECTION 12-6-550. Corporations exempt from taxes imposed by sections 12-6-530 and 12-6-540.

The following corporations are exempt from the tax imposed by Section 12-6-530 and Section 12-6-540:

(1) banks as defined in Section 12-11-10;

(2) building and loan associations as defined in Section 12-13-10;

(3) insurance companies;

(4) nonprofit corporations organized pursuant to Chapter 36 of Title 33 for the purpose of providing water supply and sewage disposal or a combination of those services;

(5) organizations exempt from income taxes pursuant to Section 33-49-120.

SECTION 12-6-555. Persons not having nexus with state other than contract for commercial printing in state not subject to state income or sales and use taxes; conditions.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, with respect to a person that does not otherwise have a nexus with South Carolina, and that has contracted with a commercial printer for printing:

(1) the ownership or leasing by that person of tangible or intangible property located at the South Carolina premises of the commercial printer and used in connection with printing contracts;

(2) the sale by that person of property printed or imprinted at and shipped or distributed from the South Carolina premises of the commercial printer by the commercial printer;

(3) the activities performed pursuant or incident to a printing contract by or on behalf of that person at the South Carolina premises of the commercial printer by the commercial printer; or

(4) the activities performed pursuant or incident to a printing contract by the commercial printer in South Carolina for or on behalf of that person; shall not cause that person to have income derived from sources within South Carolina for purposes of the taxes imposed by this chapter, unless that person engages in other activities in South Carolina that exceed the protection of 15 U.S.C. Section 381. The person shall not be considered to have a fixed place of business in South Carolina at either the commercial printer's premises or at any place where the commercial printer performs printing and related services on behalf of that person.

SECTION 12-6-560. Computation of resident individual's gross, adjusted gross, and taxable income.

A resident individual's South Carolina gross income, adjusted gross income, and taxable income is computed as determined under the Internal Revenue Code with the modifications provided in Article 9 of this chapter and subject to allocation and apportionment as provided in Article 17 of this chapter.

SECTION 12-6-570. Computation of nonresident individual, trust, estate, and beneficiary's gross, adjusted gross, and taxable income.

A nonresident individual, nonresident trust, nonresident estate, and nonresident beneficiary's South Carolina gross income, adjusted gross income, and taxable income is computed as provided in Section 12-6-1720.

SECTION 12-6-580. Computation of corporation's gross and taxable income.

A corporation's South Carolina gross income, taxable income, and the unrelated business income of a corporation exempt from taxation under Internal Revenue Code Section 501 et seq., is computed as determined under the Internal Revenue Code with the modifications provided in Article 9 of this chapter and subject to allocation and apportionment as provided in Article 17 of this chapter.

SECTION 12-6-590. Treatment of "S" corporations for tax purposes.

(A) Except as provided in Section 12-6-1210(F), an "S" Corporation having a valid federal election under the Internal Revenue Code Subchapter "S" is not subject to tax under this chapter to the extent it would be exempt from federal corporate income tax. Each shareholder shall include its share of South Carolina "S" Corporation income on the shareholder's income tax return. All of the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code apply to determine the gross income, adjusted gross income, and taxable income of an "S" Corporation and its shareholders subject to the modifications provided in Article 9 of this chapter and subject to allocation and apportionment as provided in Article 17 of this chapter.

(B) If Internal Revenue Code Section 1374 (Tax Imposed on Certain Built-In Gains and Capital Gains) or 1375 (Tax Imposed on Certain Passive Investment Income) imposes a federal income tax, a South Carolina tax is similarly imposed using the rates set forth in Section 12-6-530. If the exception in Internal Revenue Code Section 1374(c) is effective for federal tax purposes, then this exception is applicable for South Carolina income tax purposes.

SECTION 12-6-600. Taxation of partnerships.

An entity treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes is not subject to tax under this chapter. Each partner shall include its share of South Carolina partnership income on the partner's respective income tax return. All of the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code apply to determine the gross income, adjusted gross income, and taxable income of a partnership and its partners, subject to the modifications provided in Article 9 of this chapter and subject to allocation and apportionment as provided in Article 17 of this chapter.

SECTION 12-6-610. Computation of gross and taxable income of resident estate or trust.

A resident estate or resident trust's South Carolina gross income and taxable income is computed as determined under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, including the provisions of Internal Revenue Code Section 584 (Common Trust Funds), with the modifications provided in Article 9 of this chapter and subject to allocation and apportionment as provided in Article 17 of this chapter.

SECTION 12-6-620. Computation of gross, adjusted gross, and taxable income of nonresident individual, trust, and estate.

A nonresident individual, nonresident trust, and nonresident estate's South Carolina gross income, adjusted gross income, and taxable income is computed as provided in Section 12-6-1720.

SECTION 12-6-630. Taxation of entities not specified or excluded.

Entities, other than those specified in Sections 12-6-560 through 12-6-620 and those specifically excluded from income taxation under Section 12-6-550, are taxed as provided in the Internal Revenue Code with the modifications provided in Article 9 of this chapter and subject to allocation and apportionment as provided in Article 17 of this chapter.

SECTION 12-6-640. Use of monies appropriated to Commissioners of Pilotage.

Monies appropriated to the Commissioners of Pilotage must be used as a grant to the Maritime Association of the Port of Charleston for the purpose of supporting the establishment of a maritime exchange system to provide vessel information services and is not taxable income for purposes of this chapter.



SECTION 12-6-1110. Calculations of gross, adjusted gross, and taxable income; modifications.

For South Carolina income tax purposes, gross income, adjusted gross income, and taxable income as calculated under the Internal Revenue Code are modified as provided in this article and subject to allocation and apportionment as provided in Article 17 of this chapter.

SECTION 12-6-1120. Gross income; computation; modifications.

South Carolina gross income is computed by making modifications to gross income provided in the Internal Revenue Code as follows:

(1) The exclusion from gross income authorized by Internal Revenue Code Section 103 (Interest on State and Local Bonds) is modified to exempt only interest on obligations of this State or any of its political subdivisions, and to exempt interest upon obligations of the United States. This modification applies to all Internal Revenue Code Sections referencing Section 103.

(2) South Carolina gross income does not include any state income tax refund included in federal gross income.

(3) Reserved

(4) South Carolina gross income is determined without application of Internal Revenue Code Sections 78 (Gross-up of Dividends received from Certain Foreign Corporations), 86 (Social Security and Tier 1 Railroad Retirement Benefits), and 87 (Alcohol Fuel Credit).

(5) The exclusions permitted by Internal Revenue Code Sections 912 (Exemptions for Certain Allowances for Citizens or Residents of the United States Living Abroad) and 931 through 936 (Income from Possessions of the United States) are not permitted.

(6) A beneficiary of a trust shall exclude from South Carolina taxable income any excess distributions by trusts included in the beneficiary's federal taxable income by reason of Internal Revenue Code Sections 665 through 669 (Treatment of Excess Distributions by Trusts) or any comparable provisions.

(7) South Carolina gross income does not include compensation or retirement benefits received from the United States or any state for service in a state National Guard or a reserve component of the Armed Forces of the United States. This exclusion only applies to compensation and retirement benefits received for the customary annual training period not to exceed fifteen days for guard members or fourteen days plus travel time for reserve members, weekend drills, and inactive duty training. National Guard or reserve members that are called to active duty are allowed to deduct fifteen days of active duty pay if they have not excluded pay for the annual training period for the same taxable year.

(8) Each partner in the Palmetto Seed Capital Fund Limited Partnership (Fund) established pursuant to Section 41-44-60 shall exclude from South Carolina gross income seventy-five percent of the partner's proportionate share of income the fund derives from a South Carolina business which is either:

(i) established and operated in a least developed county as defined in Section 12-6-3360; or

(ii) invested in agriculture, aquaculture, or a related business or in a business created by a socially or economically disadvantaged individual as defined in 13 Code of Federal Regulations, Sections 124.105(A) and 124.106 (1987).

(9) Notwithstanding Section 12 of Act 101 of 1985, Internal Revenue Code Section 7518 applies retroactively to taxable years beginning after 1986 and applies to any taxpayer.

(10) South Carolina gross income does not include the amounts excluded by Section 59-4-100 of the South Carolina Tuition Prepayment Program.

SECTION 12-6-1130. Taxable income; computation; modifications.

South Carolina taxable income is computed by making modifications to deductions provided in the Internal Revenue Code as follows:

(1) The disallowance of deductions relating to tax-exempt income required by Internal Revenue Code Section 265 applies if the related income is exempt for South Carolina income tax purposes, whether or not the income is exempt for federal purposes. If an expense or interest is disallowed under Section 265 for federal purposes, but is related to income taxed in South Carolina, that expense or interest may be deducted for South Carolina income tax purposes.

(2) The deduction for taxes permitted by Internal Revenue Code Section 164 is computed in the same manner as Section 164 except there is no deduction for state and local income taxes, or state and local franchise taxes measured by net income, or any income taxes, or any taxes measured by or with respect to net income.

This modification is limited for individual taxpayers to the excess of itemized deductions over the standard deduction that would be allowed if the taxpayer had used the standard deduction for federal income tax purposes.

(3) For purposes of computing the deduction for estate taxes allowed by Internal Revenue Code Section 691(c), "estate tax" means the South Carolina Estate Tax including any South Carolina generation-skipping transfer tax.

(4) A net operating loss deduction is computed in accordance with the Internal Revenue Code except that:

(a) All items of income and deductions used in computing the net operating loss deduction are adjusted as provided in this article.

(b) No carrybacks are allowed.

(c) A federal election to carryback a net operating loss deduction does not affect the computation of this deduction for South Carolina income tax purposes.

(d) A net operating loss is subject to allocation and apportionment under Article 17 of this chapter in the year the loss is incurred.

(5) A corporation may not carry back a net capital loss as permitted by Internal Revenue Code Section 1212(a). A net capital loss may be carried forward to future years to the extent provided in Internal Revenue Code Section 1212(a).

(6) In computing the depletion deduction pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Sections 611 through 613, a taxpayer who allocates or apportions income under the provisions of Article 17 of this chapter has the option of:

(a) apportioning the deduction according to the appropriate South Carolina apportionment percentage provided in Sections 12-6-2250 through 12-6-2310; or

(b) allocating the deduction to South Carolina with respect to mines, oil and gas wells, and other natural deposits located in this State. The amount allocated to South Carolina may not exceed fifty percent of the net income apportioned to South Carolina by Sections 12-6-2250 through 12-6-2310.

(7) The limiting provisions of Internal Revenue Code Section 280C for certain expenses for which credits are allowable do not apply.

(8) Adjusted gross income and taxable income are computed without the deductions for certain unused business credits authorized by Internal Revenue Code Section 196.

(9) If for federal income tax purposes a taxpayer claims a credit which requires a reduction of basis to Section 38 property under Internal Revenue Code Section 48(q) or 49(d), the taxpayer may deduct the amount of the basis reduction for South Carolina income tax purposes by the amount of the basis reduction in the tax year in which basis is reduced for federal income tax purposes. If a taxpayer makes an election under Internal Revenue Code Section 48(q)(4) to reduce the credit and not the basis, this subitem does not apply.

(10) If for federal income tax purposes a taxpayer's mortgage interest deduction is reduced pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 163(g), the taxpayer may deduct the amount of the federal interest deduction reduction.

(11) A dividend from a foreign corporation is treated as a dividend from a domestic corporation for the purposes of the dividends received deduction under Section 243 of the Internal Revenue Code.

SECTION 12-6-1140. Deductions from individual taxable income.

There is allowed as a deduction in computing South Carolina taxable income of an individual the following:

(1) a net gain deduction as provided in Section 12-6-1150;

(2) an additional deduction for dependents under six years of age as provided in Section 12-6-1160;

(3) a deduction as provided in Section 12-6-1170;

(4) amounts included in South Carolina gross income received for disability retirement due to permanent and total disability by a person who could qualify for the homestead exemption under Section 12-37-250 by reason of being classified as totally and permanently disabled;

(5) expenses incurred by taxpayers as provided in Internal Revenue Code Section 162(h) without regard to limitations in Section 162(h)(4);

(6) a subsistence allowance of five dollars a day for federal, state, and local law enforcement officers paid by a political subdivision of this State, the government of this State, or the federal government, for each regular work day in a taxable year and full-time firefighters and emergency medical service personnel may deduct as a subsistence allowance five dollars a day for each regular work day in a taxable year;

(7)(a) Two thousand dollars for each adopted special needs child who is:

(i) dependent upon and receiving chief support from the taxpayer;

(ii) under the age of twenty-one; and

(iii) enrolled in an accredited school or college or is incapable of self-support because of mental or physical defects.

(b) For purposes of this item, a special needs child is a person who is:

(i) under eighteen at the time of adoption;

(ii) the dependent of a public or private nonprofit adoption agency prior to the adoption;

(iii) legally free for adoption; and

(iv) unlikely to be adopted without assistance as determined by the South Carolina Department of Social Services because of conditions such as ethnic minority status, age, sibling group membership, medical condition, or physical, mental, or emotional handicaps.

(c) The entire deduction is allowed for a taxable year even if the special needs child survives for only part of the taxable year.

(8) the portion of premiums not deductible pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 162(l) because the "applicable percentage" as defined in that section is less than one hundred percent.

(9) Deleted.

(10) three hundred dollars for taxable year 1999 and three thousand dollars for taxable year 2000 for a volunteer firefighter or rescue squad member. For taxable years after 2000, the Board of Economic Advisors annually shall estimate a maximum deduction that may be permitted under this section for a taxable year based on an individual income tax revenue loss of three million one hundred thousand dollars attributable to this deduction and shall certify that maximum deduction to the Department of Revenue and for the applicable taxable year, the maximum deduction amount must not exceed the lesser of the certified estimate or three thousand dollars. Only a volunteer earning a minimum number of points pursuant to Section 23-9-190 is eligible for this deduction.

SECTION 12-6-1150. Net capital gain; deduction from taxable income for individuals, estates, and trusts.

(A) Individuals, estates, and trusts are allowed a deduction from South Carolina taxable income equal to forty-four percent of net capital gain recognized in this State during a taxable year. In the case of estates and trusts, the deduction is applicable only to income taxed to the estate or trust or individual beneficiaries and not income passed through to nonindividual beneficiaries.

(B)(1) South Carolina income includes capital gains and losses from partnerships and "S" Corporations.

(2) Net capital gain is as defined in Internal Revenue Code, Section 1222 and related sections.

SECTION 12-6-1160. Dependent deduction for resident individual.

A resident individual taxpayer is allowed a deduction for each dependent claimable on the taxpayer's federal income tax return who has not yet attained the age of six years during the applicable tax year. This deduction is contingent upon the identification in the annual general appropriations act of revenues sufficient to offset the revenue loss caused by the exemption. The deduction allowed by this section is an amount equal to a percentage of the federal income tax personal exemption amount allowed for the applicable taxable year as follows:

Taxable year 1994 twenty-five percent

Taxable year 1995 fifty percent

Taxable year 1996 seventy-five percent

Taxable years after 1996 one hundred percent

SECTION 12-6-1170. Retirement income deduction from taxable income for individual.

(A)(1) An individual is allowed an annual deduction from South Carolina taxable income of not more than three thousand dollars of retirement income received. Beginning in the year in which the taxpayer reaches age sixty-five, the taxpayer may deduct not more than ten thousand dollars of retirement income that is included in South Carolina taxable income.

(2) The term "retirement income", as used in this subsection, means the total of all otherwise taxable income not subject to a penalty for premature distribution received by the taxpayer or the taxpayer's surviving spouse in a taxable year from qualified retirement plans which include those plans defined in Internal Revenue Code Sections 401, 403, 408, and 457, and all public employee retirement plans of the federal, state, and local governments, including military retirement.

(3) A surviving spouse receiving retirement income that is attributable to the deceased spouse shall apply this deduction in the same manner that the deduction applied to the deceased spouse. If the surviving spouse also has another retirement income, an additional retirement exclusion is allowed.

(4) The department may require the taxpayer to provide information necessary for proper administration of this subsection.

(B) Beginning for the taxable year during which a resident individual taxpayer attains the age of sixty-five years, the resident individual taxpayer is allowed a deduction from South Carolina taxable income received in an amount not to exceed fifteen thousand dollars reduced by any amount the taxpayer deducts pursuant to subsection (A) not including amounts deducted as a surviving spouse. If married taxpayers eligible for this deduction file a joint federal income tax return, then the maximum deduction allowed is fifteen thousand dollars in the case when only one spouse has attained the age of sixty-five years and thirty thousand dollars when both spouses have attained such age.

SECTION 12-6-1180. Repealed by 2000 Act No. 399, Section 4(B), eff August 17, 2000.

SECTION 12-6-1190. Cost recovery of retirement benefits from retirement systems maintained by the State or its political subdivisions.

Retirees receiving benefits from the various state retirement systems or any other retirement plan maintained by a political subdivision of this State who have recovered all or a part of their recoverable costs in their retirement benefits for federal income tax purposes before January 1, 1989, are considered to have recovered those costs for purposes of the state income tax. For taxable years beginning after 1988, cost recovery of these retirement benefits is the same for both state and federal income tax purposes.

SECTION 12-6-1200. Exclusion from taxable income of amounts excluded from federal income tax by United States treaty.

South Carolina taxable income does not include amounts excluded from federal income tax by reason of a treaty of the United States.

SECTION 12-6-1210. Deductions for capital expenses, depreciation, gains and losses; change in accounting method; certain elections for special tax treatment; provisions of federal law.

(A) If as of January 1, 1985, a taxpayer is for federal income tax purposes amortizing a capital expense paid or incurred before January 1, 1985, as provided in Internal Revenue Code Sections 171 (Amortization of Bond Premium), 174 (Research and Experimental Expenditures), 185 (Amortization of Railroad Grading and Tunnel Bores), 189 (Amortization of Real Property Construction Period Interest and Taxes), or 194 (Amortization of Reforestation Expenditures), the taxpayer is allowed to deduct for South Carolina income tax purposes the amount amortized and deducted for federal income tax purposes. At the expiration of the amortization for federal income tax purposes, the taxpayer may continue to amortize, for South Carolina income tax purposes, the balance of the capital expense, if any, using the same rate of amortization until the cost of the item has been fully amortized for South Carolina income tax purposes.

(B) Except as provided in subsection (C), if, as of January 1, 1985, a taxpayer is deducting the cost of personal property placed in service before 1985, or the cost of improvements to real property paid or incurred before January 1, 1985, as provided in Internal Revenue Code Section 168, the taxpayer is allowed for South Carolina income tax purposes the same annual deduction as allowed for federal tax purposes. Beginning with the year following the expiration of the deductions for federal tax purposes, the balance of the deductible cost, if any, may be deducted at the rate of fifty percent a year for personal property and twenty percent a year for real property improvements, until the entire deductible cost has been deducted for South Carolina income tax purposes. The deduction authorized by this subsection may not exceed the taxpayer's depreciable basis.

(C) If a taxpayer has a higher basis in assets for South Carolina income tax purposes, the taxpayer may continue to depreciate the assets, to the extent depreciable, in the manner in which the assets were being depreciated before January 1, 1985, if the higher basis is the result of:

(1) a taxable corporate liquidation before January 1, 1985;

(2) an exchange of property before January 1, 1985, that qualified under Internal Revenue Code Section 1031, but did not similarly qualify under Section 12-7-930, as in effect on December 31, 1984, as a result of the property received in the exchange not having a situs in South Carolina; or

(3) Internal Revenue Code Section 179 before January 1, 1985.

(D) If a taxpayer is reporting income from a corporate liquidation distribution under Internal Revenue Code Section 337 using the installment method of reporting or from an installment sale under Internal Revenue Code Section 453, and the taxpayer has previously reported all the gain for South Carolina income tax purposes, then South Carolina taxable income must be reduced by the amount of the installment gain. If a taxpayer has elected installment sale reporting for South Carolina purposes and not federal purposes, the taxpayer shall continue to report gain on the South Carolina tax return in addition to income otherwise taxable.

(E) A taxpayer reporting income or deducting expenses over a time period as a result of a change of accounting method or accounting year, shall report income or deduct expenses in the manner provided in the Internal Revenue Code and approved by the Internal Revenue Service. At the expiration of the authorized adjustment period, the balance of the income or expense must be reported or deducted in the same manner and amount for South Carolina income tax purposes until all of the income or expenses have been fully reported or deducted.

(F) If a South Carolina taxpayer had a valid "S" election in effect for federal tax purposes before January 1, 1985, but has not elected that treatment for South Carolina income tax purposes, the taxpayer may at its option continue to be subject to the tax provided in Section 12-6-530 or the taxpayer may affirmatively elect South Carolina "S" Corporation status. The election may be made by filing a statement or federal "S" Corporation election with all of the shareholders consenting to the state election or all shareholders can indicate their consent by reporting the "S" Corporation income or loss on their individual or composite South Carolina return(s).

(G) If before January 1, 1985, a taxpayer has made an election pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 83(b) (Election to Include Property Transferred in Connection with Performance of Services in the Year of Transfer), the election is not effective for South Carolina income tax purposes unless the taxpayer reported income in a manner consistent with the election on the South Carolina income tax return for the year of the election. Otherwise, the taxpayer is taxed under the provisions of Internal Revenue Code Section 83 when income is otherwise realized and recognized as though no Section 83(b) election had been made.

(H) An incentive stock option issued under Internal Revenue Code Section 422A is considered a qualified option or incentive stock option for South Carolina income tax purposes whether granted before or after January 1, 1985.

(I) A taxpayer may not deduct a capital loss carryover under Internal Revenue Code Section 1212 from a tax year before January 1, 1985, for South Carolina income tax purposes.

(J) A net operating loss carryforward under Section 12-7-705 as in effect on December 31, 1984, is allowed for South Carolina income tax purposes before loss carryforwards pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code Section as modified by Article 9 of this chapter, but the same loss may not be deducted more than once. A net operating loss that has not expired before January 1, 1985, expires under the rules provided in Internal Revenue Code Section 172.

(K) A taxpayer receiving an annuity before January 1, 1985, that is subject to tax pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 72 shall continue to report income from the annuity in the manner provided in Section 12-7-560(2) in effect on December 31, 1984.

(L) If a taxpayer is subject to the provisions of Internal Revenue Code Sections 483 (Interest on Certain Deferred Payments) or 1271 through 1288 (Special Rules for Bonds and Other Debt Instruments) as a result of a contract entered into before 1985, then no recomputation of principal and income is required.

(M) For a taxable year beginning after December 31, 1984, to the extent gross income, adjusted gross income, or taxable income of any taxpayer is affected by a provision of federal law enacted before January 1, 1985, which provision is not contained in the Internal Revenue Code, the provision is applicable in determining the South Carolina gross, adjusted gross, and taxable income of the taxpayer in the appropriate taxable year.

SECTION 12-6-1220. Individual Development Account.

Families on AFDC and those not receiving welfare but whose household income falls below one hundred eighty-five percent of the federal poverty level may own an Individual Development Account. Contributions to and interest on these accounts are tax free, and a recipient may accrue up to ten thousand dollars in the account. Withdrawals used for education or job training or to start a business or to purchase a home are tax free. Withdrawals for other purposes are not tax free.

The State shall seek a waiver from the federal government providing that no lump sum payment of ten thousand dollars or less deposited in an Individual Development Account within thirty days of receipt will make the family ineligible for receipt of AFDC.



SECTION 12-6-1710. Taxation of part-year resident.

An individual who is a part-year resident of South Carolina may:

(1) report and compute South Carolina tax as if the individual was a resident for the entire year and use the credit provided in Section 12-6-3400; or

(2) report and compute South Carolina tax as a nonresident individual as provided in Section 12-6-1720, except that for purposes of this computation, South Carolina taxable income for that period during which the individual was a resident includes all items of income, gain, loss, or deductions that a resident would be required to include under Section 12-6-560.

SECTION 12-6-1720. Taxable income of nonresident individual, trust, estate, or beneficiary; modifications, adjustments, and allocations.

A nonresident individual, a nonresident trust, a nonresident estate, and a nonresident beneficiary shall report and compute South Carolina taxable income as a resident taxpayer of this State subject to the following modifications:

(1) South Carolina taxable income, gains, losses, or deductions include only amounts attributable to:

(a) the ownership of any interest in real or tangible personal property located in this State;

(b) a business, trade, profession, or occupation carried on in this State or compensation for services performed in this State. If a business, trade, profession, or occupation is carried on or compensation is for services performed partly within and partly without this State, the amount allocable or apportionable to this State under Article 17 of this chapter must be included in South Carolina income;

(c) income from intangible personal property, including annuities, dividends, interest, and gains that is derived from property employed in a trade, business, profession, or occupation carried on in this State. For purposes of this item, a taxpayer, other than a dealer holding property primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of the nonresident's trade or business, is not considered to carry on a business, trade, profession, or occupation in South Carolina solely by reason of the purchase and sale of property for the nonresident's own account;

(d) the distributive share of the South Carolina portion of partnership, "S" Corporation, estate, and trust income, gains, losses, and deductions.

(2) The South Carolina taxable income of a nonresident individual, nonresident estate, or nonresident trust must be adjusted as follows:

(a)(i) For a nonresident individual, the personal exemptions and the applicable standard deduction or itemized deductions must be reduced to an amount which is the same proportion as South Carolina adjusted gross income is to federal adjusted gross income.

(ii) For a nonresident estate or nonresident trust, the personal exemption and itemized deductions must be reduced to an amount which is the same proportion as South Carolina gross income is to federal gross income.

(b) For purposes of the computation in item (2)(a), South Carolina adjusted gross income means the adjusted gross income of the taxpayer calculated as provided in Section 12-6-1720(1). Adjustments to gross income authorized by Internal Revenue Code Section 62 must be apportioned based on the ratio of South Carolina gross income to federal gross income. However, if the adjustment is directly connected with an item of gross income, the adjustment is allowed only to the extent the item of income is taxable in this State.

(3) The South Carolina taxable income of a nonresident estate or nonresident trust as determined in items (1) and (2) of this section must be allocated among the estate or trust and its beneficiaries, including solely for purposes of this allocation, resident beneficiaries, in proportion to their respective shares of federal distributable net income.

If for the taxable year the estate or trust does not have distributable net income for federal tax purposes, the South Carolina taxable income must be allocated between the estate or trust and its beneficiaries as follows:

(a) The personal representative or trustee shall recompute distributable net income in the same manner as federal distributable net income but including only those items which enter into the computation of the South Carolina taxable income of a nonresident estate or nonresident trust.

(b) The South Carolina taxable income of a nonresident estate or nonresident trust must then be allocated among the estate or trust and its beneficiaries, including solely for purposes of this allocation, resident beneficiaries, in proportion to their respective shares of this recomputed distributable net income.



SECTION 12-6-2210. Taxation of business; determination whether entirely or partly transacted or conducted within State.

(A) If the entire business of a taxpayer is transacted or conducted within this State, the income tax as provided in this chapter is measured by the entire net income of the taxpayer for the taxable year. The entire business of the taxpayer is transacted and conducted within the State if the taxpayer is not subject to a net income tax or a franchise tax measured by net income in another state, the District of Columbia, a territory or possession of the United States, or a foreign country, or would not be subject to a net income tax in another such taxing jurisdiction if the other taxing jurisdiction adopted the net income tax laws of this State.

(B) If a taxpayer is transacting or conducting business partly within and partly without this State, the South Carolina income tax is imposed upon a base which reasonably represents the proportion of the trade or business carried on within this State. A taxpayer subject to taxation under this section is considered to have been transacting or conducting business partly within and partly without the State if the taxpayer is subject to a net income tax or a franchise tax measured by net income in another state, the District of Columbia, a territory or possession of the United States, or a foreign country, or would be subject to the net income tax in any other taxing jurisdiction if the other taxing jurisdiction adopted the net income tax laws of this State.

SECTION 12-6-2220. Allocation of interest, dividends, rents and royalties, gains and losses, and income from personal services.

The following items of income must be directly allocated and excluded from the apportioned income and the apportionment factors:

(1) Interest received from intangible property not connected with the taxpayer's business, less all related expenses, is allocated to the state of the corporation's principal place of business as defined in Section 12-6-30(9) or the domicile of an individual taxpayer.

(2) Dividends received from corporate stocks owned, less all related expenses, are allocated to the state of the corporation's principal place of business as defined in Section 12-6-30(9) or the domicile of an individual taxpayer.

(3) Rents and royalties received from the lease or rental of real estate or tangible personal property, less all related expenses, are allocated to the state where the property was located at the time the income was derived providing the property was not used in or connected with the taxpayer's trade or business during the taxable year.

(4) Gains and losses from the sale of real property less all related expenses are allocated to the state in which the real property is located except to the extent that gain represents the return of amounts deducted as depreciation. The amount of gain which represents the return of amounts deducted as depreciation is allocated to this State to the extent of depreciation previously deducted in computing South Carolina taxable income.

(5) Gains and losses from sales of intangible personal property not connected with the business of the taxpayer and not held for sale to customers in the regular course of business, less all related expenses, are allocated to the state of the corporation's principal place of business as defined in Section 12-6-30(9) or the domicile of an individual taxpayer.

(6) All income from personal services received by a resident individual is allocated to this State. All income from personal services received by a nonresident individual for services rendered in this State is allocated to this State.

SECTION 12-6-2230. Allocation of income not allocated under Section 12-6-2220.

Any income, less all related expenses, which is not allocated under Section 12-6-2220 and not properly includable in the net apportionable income of taxpayers engaged in interstate commerce under the Constitution of the United States because it is unrelated to the business activity of the taxpayer conducted partly within and partly without this State, is allocated to the state in which the business situs of the investment is located. If the business situs of the investment is partly within and partly without South Carolina, the investment is apportioned using the same formula used for apportioning the net income of the corporation.

SECTION 12-6-2240. Apportionment of all income remaining after allocation.

All income remaining after allocation under Sections 12-6-2220 and 12-6-2230 is apportioned in accordance with Sections 12-6-2250, or one of the special apportionment formulas provided in Sections 12-6-2290 through 12-6-2310.

SECTION 12-6-2250. Taxpayers conducting certain businesses within State; apportionment of remaining income.

A taxpayer whose principal business in this State is (a) manufacturing or any form of collecting, buying, assembling, or processing goods and materials within this State, or (b) selling, distributing, or dealing in tangible personal property within this State, shall make returns and pay annually an income tax which includes its income apportioned to this State. Its income apportioned to this State is determined by multiplying the net income remaining after allocation under Sections 12-6-2220 and 12-6-2230 by a fraction, the numerator of which is the property ratio, plus the payroll ratio, plus twice the sales ratio, and the denominator of which is four. However, where the sales ratio does not exist, the denominator of the fraction is the number of existing ratios, and where the sales ratio exists but the payroll ratio or the property ratio does not exist, the denominator of the fraction is the number of existing ratios plus one. The property, payroll, and sales ratios must be determined in accordance with Sections 12-6-2260, 12-6-2270, and 12-6-2280, respectively.

SECTION 12-6-2260. Definition of property factor; tangible personal property; determination of value of property.

(A) The property factor is a fraction in which the numerator is the average value of the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used in this State during the taxable year and the denominator is the average value of all of the taxpayer's real and tangible personal property owned or rented and used during the taxable year. The property factor does not include property which produces income that is allocated rather than apportioned.

(B) As used in this section, tangible personal property means corporeal property such as machinery, tools, implements, equipment, goods, wares, and merchandise, but does not include cash, shares of stock, bonds, notes, accounts receivables, credits, special privileges, franchises, goodwill, or evidences of debt.

(C) The average value of property is determined by averaging the values at the beginning and end of the taxable year. If this average does not fairly represent the yearly average because of material changes during the year, the average must be determined on a monthly or daily basis.

(D) For purposes of this section, value of property is determined as follows:

(1) Inventory is valued using the taxpayer's book accounting practices unless in the department's opinion a different method more accurately reflects net income. If the taxpayer does not take or keep records of periodic inventories or if the method and time of taking the inventories does not accurately reflect the true average inventory, the department may determine the average inventory from information available.

(2) For property owned other than inventory, value is the original cost plus any additions or improvements without regard to deductions for depreciation, amortization, write-downs, or similar charges. If this method of valuation results in the taxation of more than one hundred percent of the income of the taxpayer in all the states in which the taxpayer files a return, the department may in its discretion adjust the value of property within this State to bring the percentage to one hundred percent, but in no case can the property in this State be valued at less than eighty percent of the value as defined in this subsection.

(3) For rented and leased real and personal property, value is the net annual rental rate multiplied by eight. For rented or leased personal property the department may require a factor other than a multiplier of eight to be used if it better reflects the value.

Net annual rental rate means the gross annual rate paid by the taxpayer, less the gross annual rental rate received by the taxpayer for any subrentals of real estate.

(4) In determining the value of property, no deduction may be made for encumbrances on the property.

(5) Inventories of unmanufactured tobacco stored in a warehouse in this State for subsequent shipment to a manufacturer in another state, are not considered property used in this State.

SECTION 12-6-2270. Payroll factor; definition of compensation; exclusions.

(A) The payroll factor is a fraction in which the numerator is the total amount paid by the taxpayer for compensation in this State during the taxable year and the denominator is the total compensation paid everywhere during the taxable year.

(B) Compensation includes salaries, wages, commissions, and other personal service compensation paid or incurred in connection with the taxpayer's trade or business. For purposes of this article, all compensation paid to employees chiefly working at, sent out from, or chiefly connected with an office, agency, or place of business of the taxpayer in this State is deemed to be in connection with the trade or business of the taxpayer in this State.

(C) Compensation paid to general executive officers having company-wide authority is excluded from the payroll factor.

(D) All compensation in connection with income separately allocated is excluded from the payroll factor.

SECTION 12-6-2280. Sales factor; definitions.

(A) The sales factor is a fraction in which the numerator is the total sales of the taxpayer in this State during the taxable year and the denominator is the total sales of the taxpayer everywhere during the taxable year.

(B) The term "sales in this State" includes sales of goods, merchandise, or property received by a purchaser in this State other than the United States Government. The place where goods are received by the purchaser after all transportation is completed is considered as the place at which the goods are received by the purchaser. Direct delivery into this State by the taxpayer to a person designated by a purchaser constitutes delivery to the purchaser in this State.

(C) The word "sales" includes, but is not limited to:

(1) rentals from tangible personal property located in this State which are not separately allocated; and

(2) sales of intangible personal property and receipts from services if the entire income-producing activity is within this State. If the income-producing activity is performed partly within and partly without this State, sales are attributable to this State to the extent the income-producing activity is performed within this State.

SECTION 12-6-2290. Apportionment of remaining net income where principal profits or income derived from sources not otherwise described by this chapter.

If the principal profits or income of a taxpayer are derived from sources other than those described in Section 12-6-2250 or Section 12-6-2310, the taxpayer shall apportion its remaining net income using a fraction in which the numerator is gross receipts from within this State during the taxable year and the denominator is total gross receipts from everywhere during the taxable year.

SECTION 12-6-2300. Apportionment of United States source income for business incorporated in foreign country.

A business incorporated in a foreign country is required to apportion only United States source income as determined for federal purposes on Form 1120F if elected. No change in the election may be made without permission of the department. Income must be apportioned using rules provided for apportionment in this chapter.

SECTION 12-6-2310. Income remaining after allocation for certain companies; factors to be used for apportionment.

The income remaining after allocation for the following companies must be apportioned using the following factors:

(1)(a) Railroad companies shall use a fraction in which the numerator is railway operating revenue from business done within this State during the taxable year and the denominator is total railway operating revenue from all business done by the taxpayer as shown by its records kept in accordance with the Uniform System of Accounts prescribed by the Interstate Commerce Commission.

(b) If the department finds that the accounting records of a taxpayer do not accurately reflect the division of revenue by state lines as to each transaction involving interstate revenue, the department may adopt rules and promulgate regulations which determine averages which approximate with reasonable accuracy the proportion of interstate revenue actually earned upon lines in this State.

(c) For purposes of this item:

(i) "Railway operating revenue from business done within this State" means railway operating revenue from business wholly within this State, plus the equal mileage proportion within this State of each item of railway operating revenue received from the interstate business of the taxpayer.

(ii) "Equal mileage proportion" means the proportion which the distance of movement of property and passengers over lines in this State bears to the total distance of movement of property and passengers over lines of the taxpayer receiving the revenues.

(iii) "Interstate business" means railway operating revenue from the interstate transportation of persons or property into, out of, or through this State.

(2) Motor carriers of property and passengers shall use a fraction in which the numerator is vehicle miles within this State during the taxable year and the denominator is total vehicle miles everywhere during the taxable year.

(3) Telephone service companies shall use a fraction in which the numerator is gross receipts in this State during the taxable year and the denominator is total gross receipts everywhere. The term "gross receipts in this State" includes gross revenues derived from services rendered wholly within this State, plus that portion of the company's interstate revenues attributable to this State in accordance with the Federal Communications Standard Classification of Accounts.

(4) Pipeline companies shall use a fraction in which the numerator is the revenue ton miles (one ton of solid property transported one mile), revenue barrel miles (one barrel of liquid property transported one mile), or revenue cubic foot miles (one cubic foot of gaseous property transported one mile) within this State during the taxable year and the denominator is the total revenue ton miles, revenue barrel miles, or revenue cubic foot miles, of the taxpayer everywhere during the taxable year.

(5) Airline companies shall use a fraction in which the numerator is revenue tons loaded and unloaded in this State during the taxable year, and the denominator is revenue tons loaded and unloaded everywhere during the taxable year. A revenue ton is a short ton (two thousand pounds) and is computed by using a standard weight of one hundred ninety pounds a passenger (including free baggage) multiplied by the number of passengers loaded and unloaded plus the tons of airmail, express, and freight loaded and unloaded within and without this State.

(6) Shipping lines. Where the income is derived principally from the operation of a shipping line, the corporation shall apportion its net apportionable income to South Carolina on the basis of the ratio of revenue tons loaded and unloaded within and without the State for such year. A revenue ton is a short ton (two thousand pounds) and must be computed using a standard weight of one hundred ninety pounds per passenger (including free baggage) multiplied by the number of passengers loaded and unloaded.

SECTION 12-6-2320. Allocation and apportionment of taxpayer's income when provisions unfairly represent taxpayer's business activity; agreement with taxpayer; provision for taxpayer constructing or operating qualified recycling facility.

(A) If the allocation and apportionment provisions of this chapter do not fairly represent the extent of the taxpayer's business activity in this State, the taxpayer may petition for, or the department may require, in respect to all or any part of the taxpayer's business activity, if reasonable:

(1) separate accounting;

(2) the exclusion of one or more of the factors;

(3) the inclusion of one or more additional factors which will fairly represent the taxpayer's business activity in the State; or

(4) the employment of any other method to effectuate an equitable allocation and apportionment of the taxpayer's income.

(B)(1) For the purposes of this chapter, the department may enter into an agreement with the taxpayer establishing the allocation and apportionment of the taxpayer's income for a period not to exceed five years, if the following conditions are met:

(a) the taxpayer is planning a new facility in this State or an expansion of an existing facility;

(b) the taxpayer asks the department to enter into a contract under this subsection reciting an allocation and apportionment method; and

(c) after reviewing the taxpayer's proposal and planned new facility or expansion, the Advisory Coordinating Council for Economic Development certifies that the new facility or expansion will have a significant beneficial economic effect on the region for which it is planned and that its benefits to the public exceed its costs to the public. It is within the Advisory Coordinating Council for Economic Development's sole discretion to determine whether a new facility or expansion has a significant economic effect on the region for which it is planned.

(2) For the purposes of this subsection the word "taxpayer" includes any one or more of the members of a controlled group of corporations authorized to file a consolidated return under Section 12-6-5020.

(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of item (1), the department may enter into an agreement with the taxpayer establishing the allocation and apportionment of the taxpayer's income for a period not to exceed ten years if the following conditions are met:

(a) the taxpayer is planning a new facility in this State or an expansion of an existing facility and the new or expanded facility results in a total investment of at least ten million dollars and the creation of at least two hundred new full-time jobs, with an average cash compensation level for the new jobs of more than three times the per capita income of this State at the time the jobs are filled which must be within five years of the Advisory Coordinating Council for Economic Development's certification. Per capita income for the State shall be determined by using the most recent data available from the Board of Economic Advisors;

(b) the taxpayer asks the department to enter into a contract under this subsection reciting an allocation and apportionment method; and

(c) after reviewing the taxpayer's proposal and planned new facility or expansion, the Advisory Coordinating Council for Economic Development certifies that the new facility or expansion will have a significant beneficial economic effect on the region for which it is planned and that its benefits to the public exceed its costs to the public. It is within the Advisory Coordinating Council for Economic Development's sole discretion to determine whether a new facility or expansion has a significant economic effect on the region for which it is planned.

(C) Notwithstanding the provisions of this section, a taxpayer who is constructing or operating a qualified recycling facility as defined in Section 12-6-3460 may petition the department for the use of separate accounting with respect to all or any part of the taxpayer's or taxpayer's subsidiaries' business activities or for the use of any other method to determine the taxpayer's or taxpayer's subsidiaries' taxable income. The department shall forward the petition with its comments concerning the economic impact of the suggested method to the Advisory Coordinating Council for Economic Development. The department may approve the petition upon certification of the Advisory Coordinating Council for Economic Development that the benefits to the public exceed the costs to the public.



SECTION 12-6-2810. Deferral of taxes on income attributable to increase in gross income from foreign trading receipts.

Payment of tax otherwise due under this chapter on income attributable to the increase in gross income from foreign trading receipts may be deferred until the taxpayer intentionally ceases exporting property, or until after three taxable years in which the taxpayer has no gross income from foreign trading receipts, whichever is earlier, provided the base amount defined in Section 12-6-2850(3) does not exceed five million dollars, and the taxpayer pays interest annually on the aggregate deferred tax at the base period T-bill rate. The interest is due on the date the taxpayer is required to file the annual return required by this chapter without regard to any extension.

SECTION 12-6-2820. Date deferred payments are due and payable; payment of taxes at accelerated rate; effect of taxpayer's failure to pay interest.

(A) All deferred tax payments attributable to a particular taxable year are due and payable no later than the annual return filing date for the fifth taxable year following the taxable year for which the payment of the tax was first deferred. A taxpayer may pay deferred taxes at an accelerated rate. Failure to pay deferred taxes as required renders the taxpayer ineligible to defer payment of taxes for a subsequent tax year.

(B) If the taxpayer fails to pay the interest as required in Section 12-6-2810, all taxes deferred pursuant to this article are due and payable on the due date of the unpaid interest and may be collected as taxes are collected. No interest is due on amounts deferred for less than an entire taxable year.

SECTION 12-6-2830. Inapplicability of time limitation on assessment and collection of taxes to taxes deferred.

The three-year limitation on assessment and collection of taxes in Sections 12-54-80 and 12-54-85 do not apply to the assessment of taxes deferred pursuant to this article. The three-year assessment period for purposes of the article begins when a return is filed under Section 12-6-2820.

SECTION 12-6-2840. Effective date of article; inapplicability of article to domestic international sales corporations or foreign sales corporations.

This article:

(1) is effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 1985, and

(2) does not apply to taxpayers who form domestic international sales corporations or foreign sales corporations pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code.

SECTION 12-6-2850. Definitions.

For purposes of this article:

(1) "Export property" means property manufactured, produced, grown, or extracted to which value is added in this State for direct use, consumption, or disposition outside the United States.

(2) "Foreign trading receipts" means receipts from invoices issued by a seller directly to an unrelated purchaser outside the United States from:

(a) the sale, exchange, or other disposition of export property outside the United States;

(b) the lease or rental of export property that is used by the lessee outside the United States;

(c) the performance of services that is related and subsidiary to the sale, exchange, lease, rental, or other disposition of export property outside the United States by the South Carolina taxpayer including, but not limited to, maintenance and training services;

(d) the performance of engineering, architectural, or consulting services for projects located outside the United States.

(3) "Increase in gross income from foreign trading receipts" is the amount by which the gross income from foreign trading receipts during the applicable tax year exceeds a base amount equal to the average of annual gross income from foreign trading receipts over the three taxable years before the applicable taxable year.

(4) "Base period T-bill rate" means the annual rate of interest determined by the department to be equivalent to the average investment yield of United States Treasury bills with maturities of fifty-two weeks which were auctioned during the one-year period ending on September thirtieth of the calendar year ending with or of the most recent calendar year ending before the close of the tax year of the taxpayer.



SECTION 12-6-3310. Credits allowed nonrefundable, useable only in year generated.

All credits allowed in this article are nonrefundable and useable only in the year generated unless otherwise provided.

SECTION 12-6-3320. Applicability of federal provisions to all income tax credits available to corporation for state income tax purposes.

The provisions of Internal Revenue Code Section 383 (Special Limitations on Certain Excess Credits) are applicable to all income tax credits available to a corporation for South Carolina income tax purposes.

SECTION 12-6-3330. Two wage earner credit for married individuals filing joint return; computation; definitions; when not allowed.

(A) Married individuals are allowed a two wage earner credit against South Carolina income tax if both spouses have South Carolina earned income and a joint return is filed under the provisions of Section 12-6-5000.

(B) The credit is limited to seven-tenths of one percent multiplied by the lesser of:

(1) thirty thousand dollars; or

(2) the South Carolina qualified earned income of the spouse with the lower South Carolina qualified earned income for the taxable year.

(C)(1) South Carolina qualified earned income is computed as follows:

(a) South Carolina earned income of the spouse for the taxable year as defined in subsection (C)(2); less

(b) the sum of the deductions described in Internal Revenue Code Section 62 (a) paragraphs (1) (Trade and Business Deductions), (2) (Certain Trade and Business Deductions of Employees), (6) (Pension, Profit-Sharing and Annuity Plans of Self-Employed Individuals), (7) (Retirement Savings), and (12)(Certain Required Repayments of Supplemental Unemployment Compensation Benefits) to the extent the deductions are properly allocable to or chargeable against South Carolina earned income.

(2) The term "South Carolina earned income" means income which is earned income within the meaning of Internal Revenue Code Section 911(d)(2) or 401(c)(2)(C) which is taxable in this State, except that:

(a) it does not include an amount:

(i) received from a retirement plan or an annuity;

(ii) paid or distributed from an individual retirement plan as defined in Internal Revenue Code Section 7701(a)(37);

(iii) received as deferred compensation; or

(iv) received for services performed by an individual employed by his spouse within the meaning of Internal Revenue Code Section 3121(b)(3)(A) as amended through December 31, 1987; and

(b) Internal Revenue Code Section 911(d)(2)(B) must be applied without regard to the phrase "not in excess of thirty percent of his share of net profits of such trade or business."

(D) No credit is allowed under this section for a taxable year if either spouse claims the benefits of Internal Revenue Code Sections 911 (Citizens or Residents of the United States Living Abroad) or 931 (Income for Sources within Guam, America Samoa, or the Northern Mariana Islands) for the taxable year.

SECTION 12-6-3340. Investment tax credit for purchase and installation of certain energy conservation and renewable energy production measures.

(A) A taxpayer may claim as a credit twenty-five percent of all expenditures paid or incurred during the taxable year for the purchase and installation of the following energy conservation and renewable energy production measures:

(1) conservation tillage equipment;

(2) drip/trickle irrigation systems to include all necessary measures and equipment including, but not limited to, dams, pipes, pumps, wells, installation charges and other related expenses; and

(3) dual purpose combination truck and crane equipment.

(B) In the case of pass-through entities, the credit is determined at the entity level and is limited to two thousand five hundred dollars. The maximum amount of credit for all taxpayers, including any credit passed through to the taxpayer from a partnership, "S" Corporation, estate, or trust, is also limited to two thousand five hundred dollars.

(C) The credit may be claimed only one time for each of the three measures.

(D) If the credit exceeds the taxpayer's tax liability for the taxable year, the excess amount may be carried forward for credit against income taxes in the next five succeeding taxable years.

SECTION 12-6-3350. Tax credit for State contractors having subcontracts with minority firms.

(A) Taxpayers having contracts with this State who subcontract with minority firms are eligible for an income tax credit equal to four percent of the payments to a minority subcontractor for work pursuant to the state contract. The subcontractor must be certified as a minority firm as defined in Section 11-35-5010 and regulations thereunder.

(B) The credit is limited to a maximum of twenty-five thousand dollars annually. A taxpayer is eligible to claim the credit for six taxable years beginning with the taxable year in which the credit is first claimed. After the above six taxable years, the taxpayer is no longer eligible for the credit regardless of whether or not the taxpayer claimed the credit in a year subsequent to the year in which the credit was first claimed.

(C) A taxpayer claiming the credit shall maintain evidence of work performed for a state contract by the minority subcontractor and shall present the evidence at the time of filing its state income tax return in a manner prescribed by the department.

SECTION 12-6-3360. Job tax credit.

[For taxable year beginning before June 30, 2001, subsection (A) reads as follows:]

(A) Taxpayers that operate manufacturing, tourism, processing, warehousing, distribution, research and development, corporate office, and qualifying service-related facilities are allowed an annual job tax credit as provided in this section. In addition, taxpayers that operate retail facilities and service related industries qualify for an annual jobs tax credit in counties designated as least developed. Credits under this section may be claimed against income taxes imposed by Section 12-6-510 or 12-6-530, and insurance premium taxes imposed pursuant to Chapter 7 of Title 38, and are limited in use to fifty percent of the taxpayer's South Carolina income tax, insurance premium tax liability. In computing any tax payable by a taxpayer under Section 38-7-90, the credit allowable under this section must be treated as a premium tax paid under Section 38-7-20.

[Effective for taxable years beginning after June 30, 2001, subsection (A) reads as it appears below; see above for current version.]

(A) Taxpayers that operate manufacturing, tourism, processing, warehousing, distribution, research and development, corporate office, qualifying service-related facilities, and qualifying technology intensive facilities are allowed an annual job tax credit as provided in this section. In addition, taxpayers that operate retail facilities and service-related industries qualify for an annual jobs tax credit in counties designated as least developed. Credits under this section may be claimed against income taxes imposed by Section 12-6-510 or 12-6-530, and insurance premium taxes imposed pursuant to Chapter 7 of Title 38, and are limited in use to fifty percent of the taxpayer's South Carolina income tax, insurance premium tax liability. In computing any tax payable by a taxpayer under Section 38-7-90, the credit allowable under this section must be treated as a premium tax paid under Section 38-7-20.

(B) The department shall rank and designate the state's counties by December thirty-first each year using data from the South Carolina Employment Security Commission and the United States Department of Commerce. The counties are ranked using the last three years of available per capita income data and the last thirty-six months or three years of available unemployment rate data, with equal weight given to unemployment rate and per capita income as follows:

(1) The twelve counties with a combination of the highest unemployment rate and lowest per capita income are designated least developed counties.

(2) The twelve counties with a combination of the next highest unemployment rate and next lowest per capita income are designated under developed counties.

(3) The eleven counties with a combination of the next highest unemployment rate and the next lowest per capita income are designated moderately developed counties.

(4) The eleven counties with a combination of the lowest unemployment rate and the highest per capita income are designated developed counties. The designation by the department is effective for corporate taxable years which begin after the date of designation.

(5)(a) A county, any portion of which is located within twenty-five miles of the boundaries of an applicable military installation or applicable federal facility as defined in Section 12-6-3450(1), shall receive the next increased credit designation for five years beginning with the year in which the military installation or federal facility became an applicable military installation or applicable federal facility as defined in Section 12-6-3450(1), with the additional requirement that the military installation must have reduced employment on the installation of at least three thousand employees.

(b) In addition to the designation in subitem (a), a county in which an applicable military installation or applicable federal facility is located is allowed an additional increased credit designation for five years beginning with the year the installation or facility meets the requirements.

(c) Notwithstanding the designations in Section 12-6-3360, Laurens, Cherokee, and Union Counties shall qualify for the next increased credit designation.

(d) In a county where less than five percent of the work force is in manufacturing, the credit allowed is one tier higher than the credit for which the county would otherwise qualify.

(C) Subject to the conditions provided in subsection (N) of this section, a job tax credit is allowed for five years beginning in year two after the creation of the job for each new full-time job created if the minimum level of new jobs is maintained. The credit is only available to taxpayers that increase employment by ten or more full-time jobs, and no credit is allowed for the year or any subsequent year in which the net employment increase falls below the minimum level of ten. The amount of the initial job credit is as follows:

(1) Four thousand five hundred dollars for each new full-time job created in least developed counties.

(2) Three thousand five hundred dollars for each new full-time job created in under developed counties.

(3) Two thousand five hundred dollars for each new full-time job created in moderately developed counties.

(4) One thousand five hundred dollars for each new full-time job created in developed counties.

(D) If the taxpayer qualifying for the new jobs credit under subsection (C) creates additional new full-time jobs in years two through six, the taxpayer may obtain a credit for those new jobs for five years following the year in which the job is created. The amount of the credit for each new full-time job is the same as provided in subsection (C).

(E) Taxpayers which qualify for the job tax credit provided in subsection (C) and which are located in a business or industrial park jointly established and developed by a group of counties pursuant to Section 13 of Article VIII of the Constitution of this State are allowed an additional one thousand dollar credit for each new full-time job created. This additional credit is permitted for five years beginning in the taxable year following the creation of the job.

(F)(1) The number of new and additional new full-time jobs is determined by comparing the monthly average number of full-time employees subject to South Carolina income tax withholding in the applicable county for the taxable year with the monthly average in the prior taxable year. For purposes of calculating the monthly average number of full-time employees in the first year of operation in this State, a taxpayer may use the actual months in operation or a full twelve-month period. If a taxpayer's business is in operation for less than twelve months a year, the number of new and additional new full-time jobs is determined using the monthly average for the months the business is in operation.

(2)(a) A taxpayer who makes a capital investment of at least fifty million dollars at a single site within a three-year period may elect to have the number of new and additional new full-time jobs determined by comparing the monthly average number of full-time jobs subject to South Carolina income tax withholding at the site for the taxable year with the monthly average for the prior taxable year.

(b) For purposes of this item, "single site" means a stand-alone building whether or not several stand-alone buildings are located in one geographical location.

(c) The calculation of new and additional jobs provided for in this item is allowed for only a five-year period commencing in the year in which the fifty million dollars of capital investment is completed.

(d) For purposes of this subsection a "new job" does not include a job transferred from one site to another site by the taxpayer or a related person. A related person includes any entity or person that bears a relationship to the taxpayer as set forth in Section 267 of the Internal Revenue Code. However, this exclusion of a new job created by a job transferred from one site to another site does not extend to a job created at a new or expanded facility located in a county in which is located an "applicable federal facility" as defined in Section 12-6-3450(A)(1)(b).

(G) Except for credits carried forward under subsection (H), the credits available under this section are only allowed for the job level that is maintained in the taxable year that the credit is claimed. If the job level for which a credit was claimed decreases, the five-year period for eligibility for the credit continues to run.

(H) A credit claimed under this section but not used in a taxable year may be carried forward for fifteen years from the taxable year in which the credit is earned by the taxpayer. Credits which are carried forward must be used in the order earned and before jobs credits claimed in the current year. A taxpayer who earns credits allowed by this section and who also is eligible for the moratorium provided in Section 12-6-3365 may claim the credits and may carry forward unused credits beginning after the moratorium period expires.

(I) The merger, consolidation, or reorganization of a taxpayer where tax attributes survive does not create new eligibility in a succeeding taxpayer, but unused job tax credits may be transferred and continued by the succeeding taxpayer subject to the limitations of Section 12-6-3320. In addition, a taxpayer may assign its rights to its jobs tax credit to another taxpayer if it transfers all, or substantially all, of the assets of the taxpayer or all, or substantially all, of the assets of a trade or business or operating division of a taxpayer related to the generation of the jobs tax credits to that taxpayer if the required number of new jobs is maintained for that amount of credit. No taxpayer is allowed a jobs tax credit if the net employment increase for that taxpayer falls below ten. The appropriate agency shall determine whether or not qualifying net increases or decreases have occurred and may require reports, promulgate rules or regulations, and hold hearings needed for substantiation and qualification.

(J) For a taxpayer which plans a significant expansion in its labor forces at a location in this State, the appropriate agency shall prescribe certification procedures to ensure that the taxpayer can claim credits in future years even if a particular county is removed from the list of least developed, under developed, or moderately developed counties.

(K)(1) An S corporation, limited liability company taxed as a partnership, or partnership that qualifies for a credit under this section may pass through the credit earned to each shareholder of the S corporation, partner of the partnership, or member of the limited liability company. For purposes of this subsection, limited liability company means a limited liability company taxed as a partnership.

(2)(a) The amount of the credit allowed a shareholder, partner, or member by this subsection is equal to the shareholder's percentage of stock ownership, partner's interest in the partnership, or member's interest in the limited liability company for the taxable year multiplied by the amount of the credit earned by the entity. This nonrefundable credit is allowed against taxes due under Section 12-6-510 or 12-6-530 and may not exceed fifty percent of the shareholder's, partner's, or member's tax liability under Sections 12-6-510 or 12-6-530.

(b) Notwithstanding subitem (a), the credit earned pursuant to this section by an S corporation owing corporate level income tax must be used first at the entity level. Only the remaining credit passes through to each shareholder.

(3) A credit claimed pursuant to this subsection but not used in a taxable year may be carried forward by each shareholder, partner, or member for fifteen years from the close of the tax year in which the credit is earned by the S corporation, partnership, or limited liability company. The entity earning the credit may not carry over credit that passes through to its shareholders, partners, or members.

(L) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a county with a population under twenty-five thousand as determined by the most recent United States Census shall receive the next increased credit designation for purposes of the credit allowed by this section.

(M) As used in this section:

(1) "Taxpayer" means a sole proprietor, partnership, corporation of any classification, limited liability company, or association taxable as a business entity which is subject to South Carolina taxes as contained in Sections 12-6-510 and 12-6-530 and Chapter 7 of Title 38.

(2) "Appropriate agency" means the Department of Revenue, except that for taxpayers subject to the premium tax imposed by Chapter 7 of Title 38, it means the Department of Insurance.

(3) "New job" means a job created in this State at the time a new facility or an expansion is initially staffed. The term does not include a job created when an employee is shifted from an existing location in this State to a new or expanded facility whether the transferred job is from, or to, a facility of the taxpayer or a related person. A related person includes any entity or person that bears a relationship to the taxpayer as described in Section 267 of the Internal Revenue Code. However, this exclusion of a new job created by employee shifting does not extend to a job created at a new or expanded facility located in a county in which is located an "applicable federal facility" as defined in Section 12-6-3450(A)(1)(b). The term "new job" also includes an existing job at a facility of an employer which is reinstated after the employer has rebuilt the facility due to:

(a) its destruction by accidental fire, natural disaster, or act of God;

(b) involuntary conversion as a result of condemnation or exercise of eminent domain by the State or any of its political subdivisions or by the federal government.

Destruction for purposes of this provision means that more than fifty percent of the facility was destroyed. For purposes of this section, involuntary conversion as a result of condemnation or exercise of eminent domain includes a legally binding agreement for the purchase of a facility of an employer entered into between an employer and the State of South Carolina or a political subdivision of the State under threat of exercise of eminent domain by the State or its political subdivision.

The year of reinstatement is the year of creation of the job. All reinstated jobs qualify for the credit pursuant to this section, and a comparison is not required to be made between the number of full-time jobs of the employer in the taxable year and the number of full-time jobs of the employer with the corresponding period of the prior taxable year.

(4) "Full-time" means a job requiring a minimum of thirty-five hours of an employee's time a week for the entire normal year of company operations or a job requiring a minimum of thirty-five hours of an employee's time for a week for a year in which the employee was hired initially for or transferred to the South Carolina facility. For the purposes of this section, two half-time jobs are considered one full-time job. A "half-time job" is a job requiring a minimum of twenty hours of an employee's time a week for the entire normal year of the company's operations or a job requiring a minimum of twenty hours of an employee's time a week for a year in which the employee was hired initially for or transferred to the South Carolina facility.

(5) "Manufacturing facility" means an establishment where tangible personal property is produced or assembled.

(6) "Processing facility" means an establishment that prepares, treats, or converts tangible personal property into finished goods or another form of tangible personal property. The term includes a business engaged in processing agricultural, aquacultural, or maricultural products. It does not include an establishment in which retail sales of tangible personal property are made to retail customers.

(7) "Warehousing facility" means an establishment where tangible personal property is stored but does not include any establishment where retail sales of tangible personal property are made to retail customers.

(8) "Distribution facility" means an establishment where shipments of tangible personal property are processed for delivery to customers. The term does not include an establishment where retail sales of tangible personal property are made to retail customers on more than twelve days a year except for a facility which processes customer sales orders by mail, telephone, or electronic means, if the facility also processes shipments of tangible personal property to customers and if at least seventy-five percent of the dollar amount of goods sold through the facility are sold to customers outside of South Carolina.

(9) "Research and development facility" means an establishment engaged in laboratory, scientific, or experimental testing and development related to new products, new uses for existing products, or improving existing products. The term does not include an establishment engaged in efficiency surveys, management studies, consumer surveys, economic surveys, advertising, promotion, or research in connection with literary, historical, or similar projects.

(10) "Corporate office facility" means a corporate headquarters that meets the definition of a 'corporate headquarters' contained in Section 12-6-3410(J)(1).

(11) The terms "retail sales" and "tangible personal property" for purposes of this section are defined in Chapter 36 of this title.

(12) "Tourism facility" means an establishment used for a theme park; amusement park; historical, educational, or trade museum; botanical garden; cultural center; theater; motion picture production studio; convention center; arena; auditorium; or a spectator or participatory sports facility; and similar establishments where entertainment, education, or recreation is provided to the general public. Tourism facility also includes new hotel and motel construction, except that to qualify for the credits allowed by this section and regardless of the county in which the facility is located, the number of new jobs that must be created by the new hotel or motel is twenty or more. It does not include that portion of an establishment where retail merchandise or retail services are sold directly to retail customers.

(13) "Qualifying service-related facility" means:

(a) an establishment engaged in an activity or activities listed under the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Code 80 according to the Federal Office of Management and Budget Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987 edition; or

(b) a business, other than a business engaged in legal, accounting, or investment services or retail sales, which has a net increase of at least:

(i) two hundred fifty jobs at a single location;

(ii) one hundred twenty-five jobs at a single location and the jobs have an average cash compensation level of more than one and one-half times the per capita income in the county where the jobs are located;

(iii) seventy-five jobs at a single location and the jobs have an average cash compensation level of more than twice the per capita income in the county where the jobs are located; or

(iv) thirty jobs at a single location and the jobs have an average cash compensation level of more than two and one-half times the per capita income in the county where the jobs are located.

A taxpayer shall use the most recent per capita income data available as of the end of the taxable year in which the jobs are filled. Determination of the required number of jobs is in accordance with the monthly average described in subsection (F).

[Paragraph (14) added effective for taxable years beginning after June 30, 2001]

(14) "Technology intensive facility" means a firm engaged in the design, development, and introduction of new products or innovative manufacturing processes, or both, through the systematic application of scientific and technical knowledge. Included in this definition are the following North American Industrial Classification System, NAICS, codes published by the Office of Management and Budget of the federal government:

(i) 51114 Database and Directory publishers

(ii) 5112 Software publishers

(iii) 54151 Computer systems design and related services

(iv) 541511 Custom computer programming services

(v) 541512 Computer systems design services

(vi) 541710 Scientific research and development services

(vii) 9271 Space research and technology.

(N) The maximum aggregate credit that may be claimed in any tax year for a single employee under this section and Section 12-6-3470(A)(1) is five thousand five hundred dollars.

SECTION 12-6-3365. Corporate income tax moratorium for job creation; criteria for jobs; duration.

[Repealed effective July 1, 2005.]

(A) A taxpayer creating and maintaining at least one hundred full-time new jobs, as defined in Section 12-6-3360(M), at a facility of a type identified in Section 12-6-3360(M) is allowed a moratorium on state corporate income taxes imposed pursuant to Section 12-6-530 for the ten taxable years beginning the first full taxable year after the taxpayer qualifies and ending either ten years from that year or the year when the taxpayer's number of full-time new jobs falls below one hundred, whichever is earlier.

(B) To qualify for the moratorium pursuant to subsection (A), a taxpayer must create at least one hundred full-time new jobs at a facility in a county:

(1) with an average annual unemployment rate of at least twice the state average during each of the last two completed calendar years, based on the most recent unemployment rates available, or that is one of the three lowest per capita income counties, based on the average of the three most recent years of available average per capita income data; and

(2) in which at least ninety percent of the taxpayer's total investment in this State is located.

(C) The moratorium applies to that portion of the taxpayer's corporate income tax that represents the ratio of the company's new investment in the qualifying county to its total investment in this State.

(D) The department shall prescribe certification procedures to ensure that the taxpayer may claim the moratorium in future years even if a particular county is removed from the list of moratorium counties.

(E) If the taxpayer creates and maintains at least two hundred full-time new jobs within five years from the date the taxpayer creates the first full-time new job at the facility, the moratorium period is fifteen taxable years, beginning the first full taxable year after the taxpayer qualifies and ending either fifteen years from that year or the year when the taxpayer's number of full-time new jobs falls below two hundred, whichever is earlier.

(F) The taxpayer must create the one hundred full-time new jobs within five years from the date it creates the first full-time new job, except that the taxpayer must have hired its first full-time new employee by July 1, 2005, to be eligible for either the ten-year or fifteen-year moratorium.

SECTION 12-6-3370. Tax credits for construction, installation or restoration of water impoundments and water control structures.

(A) A taxpayer may claim a credit for twenty-five percent of all expenditures for the construction, installation, or restoration of ponds, lakes, other water impoundments, and water control structures designed for the purposes of water storage for irrigation, water supply, sediment control, erosion control or aquaculture and wildlife management, providing these items are not located in or adjacent to and filled primarily by coastal waters of the State.

(B) In the case of pass-through entities, the credit is determined at the entity level and is limited to two thousand five hundred dollars. The maximum amount of credit for all taxpayers, including any credit passed through to the taxpayer from a partnership, "S" Corporation, estate, or trust, is also limited to two thousand five hundred dollars.

(C) If the credit exceeds the taxpayer's tax liability for the taxable year, the excess amount may be carried forward for credit against income taxes in the next five succeeding taxable years.

(D) To qualify for the credit the taxpayer must obtain a construction permit issued by the Department of Health and Environmental Control or proof of exemption from permit requirements issued by the department, the Natural Resources Conservation Service, or a local Soil and Water Conservation District.

SECTION 12-6-3380. Tax credit for child and dependent care expenses.

An individual may claim an income tax credit for child and dependent care expenses. The credit is computed as provided in Internal Revenue Code Section 21, except that the term "applicable percentage" means seven percent and is not reduced, and only expenses that are directly attributable to items of South Carolina gross income qualify for the credit.

If a nonresident taxpayer is a resident of a state which does not allow a resident of this State credit for child and dependent care expenses, the nonresident taxpayer is not allowed credit on the South Carolina income tax return for child and dependent care expenses.

SECTION 12-6-3385. Refundable state individual income tax credits; definitions.

(A) A student is allowed a refundable individual income tax credit equal to twenty-five percent, not to exceed eight hundred fifty dollars in the case of four-year institutions and twenty-five percent, not to exceed three hundred fifty dollars in the case of two-year institutions for tuition paid an institution of higher learning or a designated institution as provided for in this section during a taxable year. The amount of the tax credit claimed up to the limits authorized in this section for any taxable year may not exceed the amount of tuition paid during that taxable year. Tuition credits may not be claimed for more than four consecutive years after the student enrolls in an eligible institution. However, extensions may be granted due to medical necessity as defined by the Commission on Higher Education. The credit may be claimed by the student or by an individual eligible to claim the student as a dependent on his federal income tax return, whoever actually paid the tuition. The department shall prescribe a form for claiming the credit.

(B) As used in this section:

(1) "Institution of higher learning" means a South Carolina public institution defined in Section 59-103-5 and an independent institution as defined in Section 59-113-50.

(2) A "designated institution" means a public or independent bachelor's level institution chartered before 1962 whose major campus and headquarters are located within South Carolina; or an independent bachelor's level institution which has attained 501(c)(3) tax status and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools or the New England Association of Colleges and Schools; or a public or independent two-year institution which has attained 501(c)(3) tax status. Institutions whose sole purpose is religious or theological training, or the granting of professional degrees do not meet the definition of "institution of higher learning" or "designated institution" as defined in this section.

(3) "Student" means an individual enrolled in an institution of higher learning:

(a) eligible for in-state tuition and fees as determined pursuant to Chapter 112 of Title 59 and applicable regulations;

(b) who at the end of the taxable year for which the credit is claimed has completed at least thirty credit hours each year, or its equivalent, as determined by the Commission on Higher Education, and who is admitted, enrolled, and classified as a degree seeking undergraduate or enrolled in a certificate or diploma program of at least one year;

(c) who, within twelve months before enrolling:

(i) graduated from a high school in this State;

(ii) successfully completed a high school home school program in this State in the manner required by law; or

(iii) graduated from a preparatory high school outside this State while a dependent of a parent or guardian who is a legal resident of this State and has custody of the dependent;

(d) not in default on a Federal Title IV or State of South Carolina educational loan, nor who owes a refund on a Federal Title IV or a State of South Carolina student financial aid program;

(e) who has not been adjudicated delinquent or been convicted or pled guilty or nolo contendere to any felonies or any alcohol or drug related offenses under the laws of this State, any other state or comparable jurisdiction, or the United States; except that a student who has been adjudicated delinquent or has been convicted or pled guilty or nolo contendere to an alcohol or drug related misdemeanor offense is ineligible only for the taxable year in which the adjudication, conviction, or plea occurred;

(f) who is in good standing at the institution attended;

(g) who is not a Palmetto Fellowship recipient;

(h) who is not a LIFE Scholarship recipient.

(4) "Tuition" means the amount charged, including required fees, necessary for enrollment. Higher education tuition at an independent institution means the average tuition at the four-year public institutions of higher learning as defined in Section 59-103-15(B)(2), but not more than the actual tuition charged. Before calculating the credit, there must be deducted from tuition any amounts received toward its payment by any other scholarship grants.

SECTION 12-6-3390. Credit for expenses paid to institution providing nursing facility level, in-home, or community care.

An individual taxpayer may claim an income tax credit for twenty percent of the expenses paid by the taxpayer for his own support or the support of another to an institution providing nursing facility level of care or to a provider for in-home or community care for persons determined to meet nursing facility level of care criteria as certified by a licensed physician. The credit is limited to three hundred dollars each taxable year. However, no credit is allowed for expenses paid from public source funds.

SECTION 12-6-3400. Credit for income tax paid by South Carolina resident to another state.

(A)(1) Resident individuals are allowed a credit against the taxes imposed by this chapter for income taxes paid to another state on income from sources within that state which is taxed under both this chapter and the laws of that state regardless of the taxpayer's residence.

(2) The credit allowed is the lesser of:

(a) the product of the fraction in which the numerator is total South Carolina income which is subject to income tax in another state and the denominator is total federal income adjusted by the modifications provided in Article 9 of this chapter and subject to allocation and apportionment as provided in Article 17 of this chapter, multiplied by South Carolina income tax before the credit allowed by this section; or

(b) the income tax actually paid to the other state on income taxed under this chapter.

(3) A copy of the income tax return filed with the other state must be filed with the South Carolina tax return at the time credit is claimed. If the credit is claimed because of a deficiency assessment notice, a copy of the notice and a receipt showing the payment must be filed.

(B) If a taxpayer is refunded or credited taxes paid to another state for which a credit has been allowed under this section, then a tax equal to that portion of the credit allowed is due and payable from the taxpayer within sixty days from the date the refund or the notice of the credit is received. If the amount of the tax is not paid within sixty days of receipt or notice, the taxpayer is subject to penalties and interest for failure to pay provided in Chapter 54 of this title.

(C) When a taxpayer is considered a resident of this State and is also considered a resident of another state under the laws of the other state, the department may, at its discretion, allow a credit against South Carolina income taxes for those taxes paid to the other state on income taxed under this chapter.

SECTION 12-6-3410. Corporate income tax credit for corporate headquarters.

(A) A corporation establishing a corporate headquarters in this State, or expanding or adding to an existing corporate headquarters, is allowed a credit against any tax due pursuant to Section 12-6-530 or Section 12-20-50 as set forth in this section.

(B) In order to qualify for this credit, each of the following criteria must be satisfied:

(1) The qualifying real property costs of the corporate headquarters establishment, expansion, or addition must be at least fifty thousand dollars. Qualifying real property costs are:

(a) costs incurred in the design, preparation, and development of establishing, expanding, or adding to a corporate headquarters, and

(b)(i) direct construction costs, or

(ii) with respect to leased facilities, direct lease costs during the first five years of operations for the corporate headquarters.

(2) The headquarters establishment, expansion, or addition must result in the creation of:

(a) at least forty new jobs performing headquarters related functions and services or research and development related functions and services. These jobs must be permanent, full-time positions located in this State, and

(b) at least twenty of the above-referenced new jobs must be classified as headquarters staff employees.

(C) The amount of the credit is equal to twenty percent of the qualifying real property costs listed in subsection (B)(1).

(D) A headquarters establishment, expansion, or addition which meets the criteria of subsection (B) of this section is entitled to an additional credit equal to twenty percent of cost for tangible personal property if the following conditions are met:

(1) the personal property is:

(a) capitalized as personal property for income tax purposes under the Internal Revenue Code; and

(b) purchased for the establishment, expansion, or addition of a corporate headquarters, or for the establishment, expansion, or addition of a research and development facility which is part of the same corporate project as the headquarters establishment, addition, or expansion; and

(c) used for corporate headquarters related functions and services or research and development related functions and services in South Carolina.

(2) The establishment, expansion, or addition of a corporate headquarters or research and development facility must result in:

(a) the creation of at least seventy-five new full-time jobs performing either:

(i) headquarters related functions and services; or

(ii) research and development related functions and services.

The jobs must have an average cash compensation level of more than one and one-half times the per capita income of this State based on the most recent per capita income data available as of the end of the taxpayer's taxable year in which the jobs are filled; and

(b) an average South Carolina employee cash compensation level for all employees in this State of more than twice the per capita income in the State based on the most recent per capita income data available as of the end of the taxpayer's taxable year in which the jobs are filled.

(E)(1)(a) For facilities which are constructed, the credit can only be claimed for the taxable year when the headquarters establishment, expansion, or addition, and the research and development facility establishment, expansion, or addition, in the case of corporations qualifying under subsection (D), is placed in service for federal income tax purposes. For construction projects completed in phases and placed in service for federal income tax purposes in more than one taxable year, the corporation can claim the credit on the South Carolina income tax return for the taxable year in which property, which qualifies for the credit, is placed in service. Credits cannot be obtained for costs incurred more than three taxable years after the taxable year in which the first property for which the credit is claimed is placed in service. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this subsection, if the entire project is not completed by the end of the three taxable years, the corporation may claim the credit for all property placed in service within the time limitation set forth in the preceding sentence. The credit may not be claimed for personal property which is replacing personal property for which the credit can be claimed. The department may for good cause extend the time for incurring additional costs and for claiming the credit if the project is not completed within the time period allowed by this subsection. For purposes of this subsection the term "property" includes qualifying real property and, where the conditions of subsection (D) are met, personal property.

(b) for leased real property the credit must be claimed in the taxable year in which the first direct lease costs are incurred.

(2) The corporation must meet the staffing requirements of subsections (B)(2) and, if applicable, (D)(2), by the end of the second taxable year following the last taxable year for which the credit is claimed. The corporation must have documented plans to meet the initial staffing requirements at the time the credit is claimed. If the corporation fails to meet the staffing requirements within the time required by this subsection, the corporation must increase its tax liability for the current taxable year by an amount equal to the amount of credit, or any portion of the credit for which the corporation would not qualify, which was used to reduce tax in the earlier years.

(F) The credit provided in this section is nonrefundable, but an unused credit may be carried forward for ten years. An unused credit may be carried forward fifteen years if the criteria set forth in subsection (D)(2) are met. No credit may be claimed for a taxable year during which the corporation fails to meet the qualifying employment requirements provided in this section and the carry forward period is not extended for any year in which the credit may not be claimed for failure to meet the employment requirements. The credit may be claimed for a taxable year in the unextended carry forward period if the corporation requalifies for the credit by meeting the employment requirements during that taxable year.

(G) If a fee-in-lieu arrangement under Section 4-29-67 is entered into with respect to all or part of property involving a corporate headquarters, and the corporation claiming the credit provided under this section is treated as the owner of the property for federal income tax purposes, then the corporation must be treated as the owner of the property for purposes of the credit provided by this section.

(H) To the extent that this credit applies to the cost of certain property, the basis of the property for South Carolina income tax purposes must be reduced by the amount of the credit claimed with respect to the property. This basis reduction does not reduce the basis or limit or disallow any depreciation allowable under the law of this State for other than income tax purposes, even if the depreciation is based upon or otherwise relates to income tax depreciation including, without limitation, basis or depreciation which is allowable under this title for property tax purposes. If the corporation fails to meet the staffing requirements of subsection (E)(2), the corporation may increase the basis of the property by the amount of the original basis reduction with regard to that property in the year in which the credit is recaptured.

(I) The amount of a credit allowed under this section must be reduced by the amount of any past-due debt owed this State by the taxpayer.

(J) As used in this section:

(1) "Corporate headquarters" means the facility or portion of a facility where corporate staff employees are physically employed, and where the majority of the company's financial, personnel, legal, planning, or other headquarters related functions are handled either on a regional or national basis. A corporate headquarters must be a regional corporate headquarters or a national corporate headquarters as defined below:

(a) National corporate headquarters must be the sole corporate headquarters in the nation and handle headquarters related functions on a national basis. A national headquarters shall be deemed to handle headquarters related functions on a national basis from this State if the corporation has a facility in this State from which the corporation engages in interstate commerce by providing goods or services for customers outside of this State in return for compensation.

(b) Regional corporate headquarters must be the sole corporate headquarters within the region and must handle headquarters related functions on a regional basis. For purposes of this section, "region" or "regional" means a geographic area comprised of either:

(i) at least five states, including this State, or

(ii) two or more states, including this State, if the entire business operations of the corporation are performed within fewer than five states.

(2) "New job" means a job created by an employer in this State at the time a new facility, expansion, or addition is initially staffed, but does not include a job created when an employee is shifted from an existing location in this State to work in a new or expanded facility. An employee may be employed at a temporary location in this State pending completion of the new facility, expansion, or addition.

(3) "Full-time" means a job requiring a minimum of thirty-five hours of an employee's time a week for the entire normal year of corporate operations or a job requiring a minimum of thirty-five hours of an employee's time for a week for a year in which the employee was initially hired for or transferred to the corporate headquarters or research and development facility in this State.

(4) "Headquarters related functions and services" are those functions involving financial, personnel, administrative, legal, planning, or similar business functions.

(5) "Headquarters staff employees" means executive, administrative, or professional workers performing headquarters related functions and services.

(a) An executive employee is a full-time employee in which at least eighty percent of his business functions involve the management of the enterprise and directing the work of at least two employees. An executive employee has the authority to hire and fire or has the authority to make recommendations related to hiring, firing, advancement, and promotion decisions, and an executive employee must customarily exercise discretionary powers.

(b) An administrative employee is a full-time employee who is not involved in manual work and whose work is directly related to management policies or general headquarters operations. An administrative employee must customarily exercise discretion and independent judgment.

(c) A professional employee is an employee whose primary duty is work requiring knowledge of an advanced type in a field of science or learning. This knowledge is characterized by a prolonged course of specialized study. The work must be original and creative in nature, and the work cannot be standardized over a specific period of time. The work must require consistent exercise of discretion and the employee must spend at least eighty percent of the time performing headquarters related functions and services.

(6) "Research and development" means laboratory, scientific, or experimental testing and development related to new products, new uses for existing products, or improving existing products, but "research and development" does not include efficiency surveys, management studies, consumer surveys, economic surveys, advertising, promotion, or research in connection with literary, historical, or similar projects.

(7) "Research and development facility" means the building or buildings or portion of a building where research and development functions and services are physically located.

(8) "Direct lease costs" are cash lease payments. The term does not include any accrued, but unpaid, costs.

SECTION 12-6-3415. Tax credit for research and development expenditures.

[Effective for taxable years beginning after June 30, 2001.]

(A) A taxpayer that claims a federal income tax credit pursuant to Section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code for increasing research activities for the taxable year is allowed a credit against any tax due pursuant to Section 12-6-530 or Section 12-20-50 equal to five percent of the taxpayer's qualified expenditures for research and development made in South Carolina. For the purposes of this credit, qualified research and development expenditures have the same meaning as provided for in Section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code.

(B) The credit taken in any one taxable year pursuant to this section may not exceed fifty percent of the taxpayer's remaining tax liability after all other credits have been applied. Any unused credit may be carried over to the immediately succeeding taxable years, except that the credit carry-over may not be used for a taxable year that begins on or after ten years from the date of the qualified expenditure.

SECTION 12-6-3420. Tax credit for construction or improvement of infrastructure project.

(A) A corporation may claim a credit for the construction or improvement of an infrastructure project against taxes due under Section 12-6-530 for:

(1) expenses paid or accrued by the taxpayer;

(2) contributions made to a governmental entity; or

(3) contributions made to a qualified private entity in the case of water or sewer lines and their related facilities in areas served by a private water and sewer company.

(B) For expenses paid or accrued by the taxpayer in building or improving any one infrastructure project:

(1) the credit is equal to fifty percent of the expenses or contributions;

(2) the credit is limited to ten thousand dollars annually; and

(3) any unused credit, up to a total amount of thirty thousand dollars, may be carried forward three years.

(C) For purposes of this section:

(1) An infrastructure project includes water lines or sewer lines, their related facilities, and roads that:

(a) do not exclusively benefit the taxpayer;

(b) are built to applicable standards; and

(c) are dedicated to public use or, in the case of water and sewer lines and their related facilities in areas served by a private water and sewer company, the water and sewer lines are deeded to a qualified private entity.

(2) A qualified private entity is an entity holding the required permits, certifications, and licenses from the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, the South Carolina Public Service Commission, and any other state agencies, departments, or commissions, from which approvals must be obtained in order to operate as a utility furnishing water supply services or sewage collection or treatment services, or both, to the public.

(D) If an infrastructure project benefits more than the taxpayer, the expenses of the taxpayer must be allocated to the various beneficiaries and only those expenses not allocated to the taxpayer's benefit qualify for the credit.

(E) The credit may be claimed before dedication or conveyance if the taxpayer submits with its tax return a letter of intent signed by the chief operating officer of the appropriate governmental entity or qualified private entity stating that upon completion the governmental entity or qualified private entity shall accept the infrastructure project for the appropriate use.

(F) A qualifying private entity is not allowed the credit provided by this section for expenses it incurs in building or improving facilities it owns, manages, or operates.

(G) If a road qualifying for the credit is subsequently removed from the state highway or public road system, the amount of the credit allowed for the construction of the road must be added to any corporate income tax due from the taxpayer in the first taxable year following the removal of the road from public use. The department may implement the provisions of this subsection by rules or regulation.

(H) A corporation which files or is required to file a consolidated return is entitled to the income tax credit allowed by this section on a consolidated basis. The tax credit may be determined on a consolidated basis regardless of whether or not the corporation entitled to the credit contributed to the tax liability of the consolidated group.

(I) The merger, consolidation, or reorganization of a corporation where tax attributes survive does not create new eligibility in a succeeding corporation but unused credits may be transferred and continued by the succeeding corporation. In addition, a corporation may assign its rights to its unused credit to another corporation if it transfers all, or substantially all, of the assets of the corporation or all, or substantially all, of the assets of a trade or business or operating division of a corporation to another corporation.

SECTION 12-6-3430. Tax credit for qualified investments in Palmetto Seed Capital Corporation or Palmetto Seed Capital Fund Limited Partnership.

(A) Taxpayers who make qualified investments in the Palmetto Seed Capital Corporation (corporation) or the Palmetto Seed Capital Fund Limited Partnership (fund), as defined in Section 41-44-10, are allowed a credit against income or bank taxes imposed under Title 12 or insurance premium taxes imposed under Chapter 7 of Title 38.

(B) The amount of the credit for each taxable year is the lesser of:

(1) all qualified investments during the tax year multiplied by thirty percent, plus any credit carryover; or

(2) fifty percent of all qualified investments during all tax years multiplied by thirty percent.

(C) To receive the credit the taxpayer shall:

(1) claim the credit on the tax return in a manner prescribed by the appropriate agency; and

(2) attach to the return a copy of the form, provided in subsection (F) and issued by the corporation, indicating the taxpayer's qualified investment.

(D) The use of the credit is limited to the taxpayer's tax liability for the year after the application of all other credits. An unused credit may be carried forward ten years from the date of the qualified investment.

(E)(1) If a qualified investment is redeemed by the fund or the corporation within five years of the date it is purchased, the taxpayer shall report the redemption to the appropriate agency. The credit allowed for the current year by this section is disallowed and a credit previously taken must be paid to the appropriate agency on the return filed for the period in which the redemption occurred.

(2) Neither a distribution by the fund nor dividends or other distributions by the corporation are considered to be redemption of the qualified stock or the qualified interest of the taxpayer unless the amount of qualified stock owned by the taxpayer or the qualified interest held by the taxpayer after the distribution or dividend is less than the amount of qualified stock or qualified interest held by the taxpayer immediately before the distribution or dividend.

(F) The corporation shall complete forms prescribed by the department which must show as to each qualified investment in the fund the following:

(1) the name, address, and identification number of the taxpayer who purchased a qualified investment; and

(2) the nature and amount paid for the qualified investment purchased by the taxpayer.

These forms must be filed with the appropriate department on or before the fifteenth day of the third month following the month in which the qualified investment is purchased. Copies of these forms must be mailed to the investor on or before the fifteenth day of the second month following the month in which the qualified investment is purchased.

(G) The total amount of credits allowed for all taxpayers in all taxable years may not exceed in the aggregate, five million dollars, excluding any allowable tax credits of the Palmetto Seed Capital Corporation. The credit must be allowed to taxpayers in the order of the time of the purchase of the qualified investments.

(H) For purposes of this section:

(1) "The fund" means the Palmetto Seed Capital Fund Limited Partnership and is established and operated as described in Section 41-44-60.

(2) "The corporation" means the Palmetto Seed Capital Corporation which is the general partner of the fund.

(3) "Qualified investment" means qualified stock or qualified interest purchased for cash. Qualified stock means authorized but unissued shares of stock in the corporation. Qualified interest means a general partnership interest in the fund for the corporation and a limited partnership interest for all other persons.

(4) "Taxpayer" means an individual, corporation, partnership, trust, or other entity having a state income, bank or insurance premium tax liability who has made a qualified investment.

(5) "Appropriate agency" is the Department of Revenue for taxpayers subject to tax under Chapter 6 or Chapter 11 of this title and the Department of Insurance for corporations subject to the premium tax under Chapter 7 of Title 38.

(I) A corporation which files or is required to file a consolidated return is entitled to the income tax credit allowed by Section 12-6-3420 or this section on a consolidated basis. The tax credit may be determined on a consolidated basis regardless of whether or not the corporation entitled to the credit contributed to the tax liability of the consolidated group.

(J) The merger, consolidation, or reorganization of a corporation where tax attributes survive does not create new eligibility in a succeeding corporation but unused credits may be transferred and continued by the succeeding corporation. In addition, a corporation may assign its rights to its unused credit to another corporation if it transfers all, or substantially all, of the assets of the corporation or all, or substantially all, of the assets of a trade or business or operating division of a corporation to another corporation.

SECTION 12-6-3440. Tax credit for employee child care programs.

(A) A taxpayer who employs persons who are residents of this State in any capacity may claim a credit against its state income tax, bank tax, or premium tax liability an amount equal to fifty percent of its capital expenditures in this State but no more than one hundred thousand dollars for costs incurred in establishing a child care program for its employees' children.

(B) For purposes of this section, "expenditures for costs incurred in establishing a child care program" include, but are not limited to, expenditures, including mortgage or lease payments, for playground and classroom equipment, kitchen appliances, cooking equipment, real property, including improvements in this State, and donations to a nonprofit corporation as defined in Internal Revenue Code Section 501(c)(3) for purposes of establishing a child care program. If credit is taken for donations by a corporation, a deduction to arrive at the net income of the corporation is not allowed. The program and operation of the program must meet the licensing, registration, or certification standards prescribed by law.

(C)(1) The taxpayer under subsection (A) is allowed as a credit against his state income tax, bank tax, or premium tax liability an amount not exceeding fifty percent of the child care payments incurred by the taxpayer to operate a child care program for his employees in this State, or made directly to licensed or registered independent child care facilities in the name of and for the benefit of an employee in this State of the taxpayer, which employee's children are kept at the facility during the employee's working hours. The payment may not exceed the amount charged to other children of like age and abilities of individuals not employed by the taxpayer. In addition, a taxpayer is allowed to include in the amount of the payment for calculation of the credit any administrative cost associated with payment to licensed or registered independent child care facilities not to exceed two percent. The credits allowed may not exceed three thousand dollars for each participating employee a year.

(2) Where an employee in this State chooses to utilize the provisions of this subsection which authorize direct payments to licensed child care facilities not operated by the employer, expenses incurred in organizing and administering the direct payment program in the first year are also considered start-up expenses or expenditures for establishing a child care program and qualify for credit allowed by subsection (A).

(3) For purposes of the credits allowed by this subsection, the taxpayer is required to retain information concerning the child care facility's federal identification number, license or registration number, payment amount, and in whose name and for whose benefit the payments were made.

(D) The credits established by this section taken in any one tax year are also limited to an amount not greater than fifty percent of a taxpayer's state income tax, bank tax, or premium tax liability for that year.

(E) A credit claimed under this section, but not used or available for use in a taxable year, may be carried forward for the next ten taxable years from the close of the tax year in which the expenditures are made until the amount of the credit is taken.

SECTION 12-6-3450. Income tax credit for persons terminated from employment as result of closing or realignment of federal military installation; definitions.

(A) As used in this section:

(1)(a) "Applicable federal military installation" means a federal military installation or other facility which is closed or realigned under:

(i) The Defense Base Closure and Realignment Act of 1990;

(ii) Title II of the Defense Authorization Amendments and Base Closure and Realignment Act; or

(iii) Section 2687 of Title 10, United States Code.

(b) "Applicable federal facility" means a federal facility that has reduced its permanent employment by three thousand or more jobs after December 31, 1990.

(2) "Economic impact region" means a county or municipality, any portion of which is located within twenty-five miles of the boundaries of an applicable federal military installation or applicable federal facility, and any area not otherwise included as part of the economic impact region if the Department of Commerce determines the area to be adversely impacted by the closing or realignment of an applicable federal military installation or applicable federal facility;

(3) "Qualified wages" means wages paid by an employer to an employee if:

(a) at least ninety percent of the employee's services for the employer during the taxable year are directly related to the conduct of the employer's trade or business within an applicable federal military installation or economic impact region; or

(b) at least fifty percent of the services of the employee for the employer during the taxable year are performed within the installation or region;

(4)(a) "Qualified wages" include, with respect to an individual, only wages attributable to services rendered during the one year beginning with the day the individual first works for an employer after becoming a terminated employee.

(b) Qualified wages for a taxable year may not exceed ten thousand dollars.

(c) Qualified wages do not include wages paid for services performed as an employee of the federal government or an agency or instrumentality of the federal government.

(5)(a) "Terminated employee" means an individual who is certified by the South Carolina Employment Security Commission, under procedures similar to the procedures described in Internal Revenue Code Section 51(d)(16), as being an individual, whether or not a federal employee:

(i) who was employed in an economic impact region, and

(ii) whose job was terminated by reason of the closing or realignment of the installation.

(b) An individual may not be treated as a terminated employee with respect to a job termination after the later of:

(i) the close of the second calendar year following the calendar year in which the commencement of the job termination occurs; or

(ii) the close of the first year period beginning with the date on which the employee first begins work for an employer after the job termination.

(B) In the case of a terminated employee, there is allowed as a credit against the tax imposed by this chapter for a taxable year an amount equal to ten percent of the qualified wages of the employee for the taxable year.

(C) For purposes of this section, the term "employee" includes an employee described in Internal Revenue Code Section 401(c)(1), relating to self-employed individual.

(D) Any deduction for wages of an employer claiming the credit allowed by this section must be reduced by the amount of the credit for purposes of calculating the South Carolina income tax liability.

(E) The credit allowed by this section may not reduce the tax liability below zero. If the applicable credit exceeds the liability, the credit may be carried forward to the ten succeeding taxable years.

SECTION 12-6-3460. Definitions.

(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Investment" means the total cost of acquisition, construction, erection, and installation of all real and personal property, whether owned or leased including, but not limited to, all realty, improvements, leasehold improvements, buildings, machinery, and office equipment, which is at any time incorporated into or associated with a qualified recycling facility.

(2) "Recycling property" means all real and personal property, whether owned or leased including, but not limited to, all realty, improvements, leasehold improvements, buildings, machinery, and office equipment, incorporated into or associated with a qualified recycling facility.

(3) "Qualified recycling facility" means a facility certified as a qualified recycling facility by a duly authorized representative of the department which includes all real and personal property incorporated into or associated with the facility located or to be located within this State that will be used by the taxpayer to manufacture products for sale composed of at least fifty percent postconsumer waste material by weight or by volume. The minimum level of investment for a qualified recycling facility must be at least three hundred million dollars incurred by the end of the fifth calendar year after the year in which the taxpayer begins construction or operation of the facility.

(4) "Postconsumer waste material" means any product generated by a business or consumer which has served its intended end use and which has been separated from the solid waste stream for the purpose of recycling and includes, but is not limited to, scrap metal and iron, and used plastics, paper, glass, and rubber.

(B) A taxpayer who is constructing or operating a qualified recycling facility is allowed a credit in the amount of thirty percent of the taxpayer's investment in recycling property during the taxable year. This credit may be used to reduce any corporate income tax imposed by Section 12-6-530, sales or use tax imposed by the State or any political subdivision of the State, or corporate license fees imposed by Section 12-20-50 or any tax similar to these taxes. Any unused credit for a taxable year may be carried forward to subsequent taxable years until the credit is exhausted. If the recycling facility fails to meet the minimum investment within the time required by subsection (A)(3) of this section, the taxpayer shall increase its tax liability for the current taxable year by an amount equal to the amount of credit which was used to reduce any tax liability in earlier years.

SECTION 12-6-3465. Recycling facility tax credits.

A taxpayer who is constructing or operating a qualified recycling facility as defined in Section 12-6-3460 is entitled to credits in the amount of all funds collected as permitted in Section 12-10-80, which credits can be used to reduce the taxpayer's corporate income tax imposed by Section 12-6-530, sales or use tax imposed by the State or any political subdivision of the State, corporate license fees imposed by Section 12-20-50 or any tax similar to these taxes. Any unused credits may be carried forward to subsequent taxable years until such credits are exhausted.

SECTION 12-6-3470. Employer tax credit.

(A) An employer who employs a person who received Family Independence payments within this State for three months immediately preceding the month the person becomes employed is eligible for an income tax credit of:

(1) twenty percent of the wages paid to the employee for each full month of employment for the first twelve months of employment;

(2) fifteen percent of the wages paid to the employee for each full month of employment during the second twelve months of employment;

(3) ten percent of the wages paid to the employee for each full month during the third twelve months of employment.

The maximum aggregate credit that may be claimed in a tax year for a single employee under this subsection and Section 12-6-3360 is five thousand five hundred dollars.

(B) In addition to the credits provided for in subsection (A) and Section 12-6-3360, an employer who employs a person who received Family Independence payments within this State for three months immediately preceding the month the person becomes employed and employs that person to work full time in a least developed county, as defined in Section 12-6-3360, is allowed a credit in an amount equal to one hundred seventy-five dollars for each full month during the first thirty-six months of employment.

(C) In order to claim the credit provided in subsection (A) an employer must make health insurance available to the qualified employee. All conditions including employer contributions and employer imposed waiting periods for the qualified employee must be on the same basis and under the same conditions as that of any other employee employed by the employer claiming the credit. The credit is allowed from the date of hire for each full month of employment notwithstanding an employer imposed waiting period which must not exceed twelve months.

Nothing in this section may be construed to require employers to pay for all or part of any health insurance coverage for a qualified employee in order to claim the credit if an employer does not pay for all or part of health insurance coverage for his other employees.

(D) The Department of Social Services and the South Carolina Employment Security Commission must make information available to employers interested in hiring Family Independence recipients. An employer shall submit an employee release and shall request in writing certification of Family Independence eligibility from the Department of Social Services by the fifteenth day of the first month after the end of the taxable year in which the employer hires the Family Independence recipient. The department has thirty days from the date the employer submits the employee release and request in which to approve or deny in writing certification of Family Independence eligibility.

(E) No income tax credit provided for in subsection (A) may be taken under this section if the position filled by the former AFDC recipient was made available due to the termination or forced resignation of an employee for the purpose of obtaining the tax credit. Nothing in this section creates a private cause of action which does not otherwise exist at law.

(F) A credit claimed under this section but not used in a taxable year may be carried forward fifteen years from the taxable year in which the credit is earned.

(G) For purposes of this section, "Family Independence payments" means financial assistance provided under Title IV, Part A of the Social Security Act.

SECTION 12-6-3480. Tax credits

(A) Notwithstanding any other provision of law:

(1) Any credits under Title 38 may be applied against any taxes imposed under this chapter or license fees imposed under Chapter 20 of this title.

(2) Any credits under this chapter which are earned by one member of a controlled group of corporations may be used and applied by that member and by any other members of the controlled group of corporations.

(3) Any limitations upon the total amount of liability for taxes or license fees that can be reduced by the use of a credit must be computed before any other credit is used to reduce any tax or license fee liability under this chapter or Chapter 20 of this title. Subject to item (4), the taxpayer may apply any credits arising under this chapter in any order the taxpayer elects.

(4) No credit may be used more than once, and all credits must be used, to the extent possible in any given year, first by the company that earned them, and second against the tax which generated them.

(5) As used in this section:

(a) the term "controlled group of corporations" has the same meaning as provided under Section 1563 of the Internal Revenue Code without regard to Section 1563(a)(4), (b)(2)(A), only with respect to corporations which are in existence for less than one-half the number of days in the tax year referred to therein, and (b)(2)(C) and (D);

(b) the term "tax credit" or "credit" means a statutorily directed or authorized reduction in the tax liability made after any applicable tax rates are applied.

SECTION 12-6-3500. Retirement plan credits.

If the right to receive retirement income by a taxpayer allowed the deduction pursuant to Section 12-6-1170 was earned by the taxpayer while residing in another state which imposed state income tax on the employee's contributions, a credit is allowed against the taxpayer's South Carolina income tax liability in an amount sufficient to offset the taxes paid the other state. This credit must be claimed over the taxpayer's lifetime. The department shall prescribe the amount of the annual credit based on the taxpayer's life expectancy at the time of the election made pursuant to Section 12-6-1170 and may require the documentation it determines necessary to verify the amount of income tax paid the other state on the contributions. Regardless of the tax rates applicable on the contributions in the other state, the total of the credit allowed may not exceed an amount determined by multiplying the contributions taxed in each year by the marginal South Carolina individual income tax rate for that year.

SECTION 12-6-3510. [Repealed by Act 399, Section 3.Y.2., eff for taxable years beginning after June 30, 2005. See Editor's Note below.] Qualified South Carolina motion picture projects, production facilities, or post-production facilities.

(A) A taxpayer may claim a credit of an amount equal to thirty-three percent, but not more than fifteen thousand dollars, of the taxpayer's cash investment in a qualified South Carolina motion picture project. A taxpayer may claim no more than one credit in connection with the production of a single qualified South Carolina motion picture project. This credit is allowed over more than one taxable year but a taxpayer's total credit in all years, toward any such project, may not exceed fifteen thousand dollars. Any unused credit may be carried forward to fifteen succeeding taxable years.

(B) A taxpayer may claim a credit in an amount equal to thirty-three percent of the value of a taxpayer's investment in the construction or conversion, or equipping, or any combination of these activities, of a motion picture production facility or post-production facility in this State . No credit is allowed unless the total amount invested in the motion picture production facility is not less than two million dollars, exclusive of land costs, or the total amount invested in a post-production facility is not less than one million dollars, exclusive of land costs. Documentation sufficient to provide confirmation of this threshold must accompany the application for the credit. Any unused credit may be carried forward to fifteen succeeding taxable years. The total amount of credit, which may be claimed by all taxpayers with respect to the construction, or conversion, or equipping, or any combination of these activities, of a single motion picture production facility or post-production facility may not exceed five million dollars. A taxpayer may claim the credit allowed by this section only one time in connection with a single motion picture production facility and one time in a single post-production facility.

(C) The credit is earned when the cash is spent or when qualifying real property is dedicated for use as part of a motion picture production facility or post-production facility. If a motion picture project, motion picture production facility, or post-production facility fails to meet the requirements of the section within three years from the end of the taxpayer's tax year when the credit was first claimed, then any taxpayer which claimed the credit shall increase its income tax liability in the fourth year by an amount equal to the amount of credits claimed in prior tax years with respect to the motion picture project, motion picture production facility, or post-production facility.

(D) Notwithstanding the amount of the credits allowed by this section, these credits, when combined with any other state income tax credits allowed the taxpayer for a particular taxable year, cannot reduce the taxpayer's South Carolina income tax liability more than fifty percent.

(E) All documentation provided by investors and their agents to the Department of Revenue in connection with claiming the credits allowed by this section is considered a tax return and subject to the penalty provisions of Section 12-54-40(f).

(F) As used in this section:

(1) "Investment" means cash with respect to subsection (A) of this section, and with respect to subsection (B) of this section cash or the fair market value of real property with any improvements thereon, or any combination of these. To qualify as "investment", cash must have been expended for services performed in this State, for tangible personal property dedicated to first use in this State, or for real property in this State. Investments in the form of real property must be real property located in this State on which facilities are located and can include the fair market value of a long-term lease of real property minus the fair market value of any consideration paid for the lease.

(2) "Motion picture production facility" means a site in this State that contains soundstages designed for the express purpose of film and television production for both theatrical and video release. Production includes, but is not limited to, motion pictures, made-for-television movies, and episodic television to a national audience. The motion picture production facility site must include production offices, construction shops/mills, prop and costume shops, storage area, parking for production vehicles, all of which complement the production needs and orientation of the overall facility purpose. The term does not include television stations, recording studios, or facilities predominately used to produce videos, commercials, training films, or advertising films.

(3) "Motion picture project" means a product intended for commercial exploitation that incurs at least one million dollars of costs directly in this State to produce a master negative motion picture for theatrical or television exhibition in the United States and in which at least twenty percent of total filming days of principal photography, but not fewer than ten filming days, is filmed in this State.

(4) "Post-production facility" means a site in this State designated for the express purpose of accomplishing the post-production stage of film and television production for both theatrical and video release including the creation of visual effects, editing, and sound mixing. A post-production facility site is not required to contain a soundstage or be physically located at or near soundstages.

(5) "Qualified South Carolina motion picture project" means a motion picture project which has registered by submitting its record of allocation of credits and documentation to the Department of Revenue. Before registration, all documentation of a motion picture project required to meet the credit requirements, must be received by the department.

(6)(a) In subsection (A) "taxpayer" means the investor who invests in a qualified motion picture project.

(b) In subsection (B) "taxpayer" means the investor who invests in the company that constructs, converts, or equips a "qualified South Carolina motion picture production facility".

(c) "Taxpayer", with respect to a motion picture equity fund created for the sole, expressed purpose of facilitating a slate of "qualified South Carolina motion picture projects", means the investors, partners, limited liability company members, and subchapter "S" corporation shareholders who invest in the motion picture equity fund. Credits allowed under this subitem are allocated to the fund, based upon thirty-three percent of the cash value of its investment in a "qualified South Carolina motion picture project" and distributed to equity fund members based upon the percentage of their interest in the equity fund.

SECTION 12-6-3515. Credit for conservation or qualified conservation contribution of real property; lands eligible; transfer of credits; definitions.

[This section becomes effective June 1, 2001]

(A) A taxpayer who has qualified for and claimed on the taxpayer's federal income tax return a charitable deduction for a gift of land for conservation or for a qualified conservation contribution donated after May 31, 2001, on a qualified real property interest located in this State may elect to claim a credit against a tax imposed by this chapter for the applicable tax year in an amount equal to twenty-five percent of the total amount of the deduction attributable to the gift of land for conservation or to the qualified real property interest located in this State; provided, however, that the credit is subject to the caps provided in subsection (C). If the amount of the credit exceeds the taxpayer's tax liability under this chapter for the taxable year, or if it exceeds the maximum credit that may be used in any particular taxable year as provided in subsection (C)(2), the excess credit may be carried forward to succeeding taxable years until all the credit is claimed. In addition to the carry forward of unused credit, unused credit may be transferred, devised, or distributed, with or without consideration, by an individual, partnership, limited liability company, corporation, trust, or estate. To be effectual, such a transfer, devise, or distribution requires written notification to and approval by the department with the unused credit maintaining all its original attributes in the hands of the recipient. With regard to the sale or exchange of a credit allowed under this section, general income tax principles apply for purposes of the state income tax. In the hands of the original donor of a qualified conservation contribution of a qualified real property interest, or of a gift of land for conservation, and of any subsequent transferee, devisee, or distributee, the credit allowed by this section that may be used to offset state income tax liability in any one taxable year is limited to an amount that, when combined with all other state income tax credits of the taxpayer, does not exceed the taxpayer's total state income tax liability for the taxable year. The fair market value of qualified donations made pursuant to this section must be substantiated by a "qualified appraisal" prepared by a "qualified appraiser" as those terms are defined under applicable federal law and regulations applicable to charitable contributions.

(B)(1) For purposes of this section:

(a) "Qualified conservation contribution" and a "qualified real property interest" are defined as provided in Internal Revenue Code Section 170(h);

(b) "Gift of land for conservation" means a charitable contribution of fee simple title to real property conveyed for conservation purposes as defined in Internal Revenue Code Section 170(h)(4)(A) to a qualified conservation organization as described in Internal Revenue Code Section 170(h)(3).

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of Internal Revenue Code Section 170(h) and applicable regulations pertaining to forestry and silvaculture practices, a taxpayer is not disqualified for the tax credit allowed in this section because of silvacultural and forestry practices permitted by or undertaken pursuant to a conservation contribution on a real property interest if:

(a) the forestry and silvacultural practices permitted by or undertaken pursuant to the conservation contribution conform to Best Management Practices established by the South Carolina Forestry Commission existing either at the time the conservation contribution is made, or at the time a particular forestry or silvacultural practice is undertaken;

(b) the conservation contribution on a real property interest in all other respects conforms to the requirements of Internal Revenue Code Section 170(h) and applicable regulations for a "qualified conservation contribution" of a "qualified real property interest"; and

(c) the taxpayer provides the Department of Revenue with the information the department considers necessary to determine that the taxpayer would otherwise be eligible for the deduction allowed under Section 170(h).

The amount of the credit allowable under this item is equal to twenty-five percent of the deduction that would otherwise be allowable under Section 170(h) but for the silvacultural and forestry activities performed on the real property interest, subject to the same conditions and limitations as the credit allowed by this section.

(C)(1) The credit provided for in this section may not exceed two hundred fifty dollars per acre of property to which the qualified conservation contribution or gift of land for conservation applies. For the purpose of calculating the per acre tax credit cap of this subsection, all upland and wetland acreage subject to the qualified conservation contribution shall be taken into account, except for property lying within the intertidal zone. All other wetland acreage subject to the qualified conservation contribution including, but not limited to, ponds, wetland impoundments, hardwood bottomlands, and Carolina Bays shall be taken into account when calculating the two hundred fifty dollar per acre tax credit cap.

(2) Regardless of the amount of the credit allowed by this section, the total credit a taxpayer may use under this section for any particular taxable year may not exceed fifty-two thousand five hundred dollars.

(3) For purposes of applying the per acre limitation and per taxpayer limitation on the credit allowed by this section, the attribution rules of Section 267 of the Internal Revenue Code apply.

(D) The South Carolina Department of Revenue shall report to the Governor, the House Ways and Means Committee, and Senate Finance Committee the activity generated on taxable year 2001 and 2002 state income tax returns by the credit allowed by this item.

SECTION 12-6-3520. Income tax credit for habitat management and construction and maintenance of critical habitat improvements.

(A) There shall be allowed as a tax credit against the income tax liability of a taxpayer an amount equal to fifty percent of the costs incurred by the taxpayer for habitat management or construction and maintenance of improvements on real property that are made to land as described in Section 50-15-55(A) and which meets the requirements of regulations promulgated by the Department of Natural Resources pursuant to Section 50-15-55(A). For purposes of this section, "costs incurred" means those monies spent or revenue foregone for habitat management or construction and maintenance, but does not include revenue foregone as increases in land values or speculative costs related to development.

(B) All costs must be incurred on land that has been designated as a certified management area for endangered species enumerated in Section 50-15-40 or for nongame and wildlife species determined to be in need management under Section 50-15-30.

(C) The tax credit allowed by this section must be claimed in the year that such costs are incurred as provided for in subsection (B). The credit established by this section taken in one year may not exceed fifty percent of the taxpayer's income tax liability for that year. If the amount of the credit exceeds the taxpayer's income tax liability for that taxable year, the taxpayer may carry forward any excess for up to ten years.

(D) If during any taxable year the landowner voluntarily chooses to leave the agreement made concerning the certified areas after taking the tax credit, then the taxpayer's tax liability for the current taxable year must be increased by the full amount of any credit claimed in prior years with respect to the property.

(E)(1) An "S" corporation or partnership that qualifies for the credit under this section as an "S" corporation or partnership entitles each shareholder of the "S" corporation or partner of the partnership to a nonrefundable credit against taxes. Any credit generated by an "S" corporation must first be used against any tax liability of the "S" corporation under Section 12-6-530. Any remaining credit passes through to the shareholders of the "S" corporation.

(2) The amount of the credit allowed a shareholder, partner, or owner of a limited liability company pursuant to this section is equal to the shareholder's percentage of stock ownership or partner's interest in the partnership, for the taxable year multiplied by the amount of the credit that the taxpayer would have been entitled to if it were taxed as a corporation.

SECTION 12-6-3530. Community development tax credits.

(A) A taxpayer may claim as a credit against his state income tax, bank tax, or premium tax liability thirty-three percent of all amounts invested in a community development corporation or in a community development financial institution, as defined in Section 34-43-20(2) or (3).

To qualify for this credit the taxpayer must obtain a certificate from the South Carolina Department of Commerce certifying that the entity into which the funds are invested is a community development corporation or a community development financial institution within the meaning of Section 34-43-20(2) or (3) and certifying that the credit taken or available to that taxpayer will not exceed the aggregate five million dollar limitation of all those credits as provided in subsection (B) when added to the credits previously taken or available to other taxpayers making similar investments. A taxpayer who invested in good faith in a certified corporation or institution may claim the credit provided in this section, notwithstanding the fact that the certification is later revoked or not renewed by the department.

(B) The total amount of credits allowed pursuant to this section may not exceed in the aggregate five million dollars for all taxpayers and all taxable years and one million dollars for all taxpayers in one taxable year.

(C) A single community development corporation or community development financial institution may not receive more than twenty-five percent of the total tax credits authorized pursuant to this section in any one taxable year.

(D) The department shall monitor the investments made by taxpayers in community development corporations and community development financial institutions as permitted by this section and shall perform the functions as provided in subsection (A) above.

(E) If the amount of the credit determined, pursuant to subsection (A), exceeds the taxpayer's state tax liability for the applicable taxable year, the taxpayer may carry over the excess to the immediately succeeding taxable years. However, the credit carry-over may not be used for a taxable year that begins on or after ten years from the date of the acquisition of stock or other equity interest that is the basis for a credit pursuant to this section. The amount of the credit carry-over from a taxable year must be reduced to the extent that the carry-over is used by the taxpayer to obtain a credit provided for in this section for a later taxable year.

(F) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsections (A), (B), (C), (D), and (E) above, if on April 1, 2001, or as soon after that as the department is able to determine, the total amount of tax credits which may be claimed by all taxpayers exceeds the total amount of tax credits authorized by this section, the credits must be determined on a pro rata basis. For purposes of this subsection, a community development corporation or community development financial institution for which an investment may be claimed as a tax credit pursuant to this section must report all investments made before April 1, 2001, to the department by April 1, 2001, which shall inform, as soon as reasonably possible, all community development corporations and community development financial institutions of the total of all investments in all institutions and corporations as of April 1, 2001.

(G) If stock or another equity interest that is the basis for a credit provided for in this section is redeemed by the community development corporation or the community development financial institution within five years of the date it is acquired, the credit provided by this section for the stock or other equity interest is disallowed, and credit previously claimed and allowed with respect to the redeemed stock or other equity interest must be paid to the Department of Revenue with the appropriate return of the taxpayer covering the period in which the redemption occurred. When payments are made to the Department of Revenue pursuant to this section, the amount collected must be handled as if no credit had been allowed.

(H) To receive the credit provided by this section, a taxpayer shall:

(1) claim the credit on his annual state income or premium tax return as prescribed by the Department of Revenue; and

(2) file with the Department of Revenue and with his annual state income or premium tax return a copy of the form issued by the department as to the stock or other equity interest that is the basis for a credit claimed pursuant to this section, by the taxpayer, including an undertaking by the taxpayer to report to the Department of Revenue a redemption of the stock or other equity interest by the community development corporation or the community development financial institution.

(I) The department shall complete forms prescribed by the Department of Revenue which must show as to each stock or other equity interest in a community development corporation or a community development financial institution that is the basis for a credit pursuant to this section:

(1) the name, address, and identification number of the taxpayer who acquired the stock or other equity interest; and

(2) the nature of the stock or other equity interest acquired by the taxpayer and the amount advanced for it.

These forms must be filed with the Department of Revenue on or before the fifteenth day of the third month following the month in which the stock or other equity interest is acquired. Copies of the forms to be provided to the Department of Revenue must be mailed to the taxpayer on or before the fifteenth day of the second month following the month in which the acquisition is made.

(J) A taxpayer may not claim the tax credit provided in this section unless the community development corporation or community development financial institution in which the investment is made has been certified at the time the investment is made.

(K) If the community development financial institution in which the investment is made is a tax-exempt nonprofit corporation, the tax credit provided in this section is not allowed if the taxpayer claims the investment as a deduction pursuant to Section 170 of the Internal Revenue Code.

(L) Banks and financial institutions chartered by the State of South Carolina may invest in community development corporations and community development financial institutions incorporated pursuant to the laws of this State, up to a maximum of ten percent of a chartered bank or financial institution's total capital and surplus.



SECTION 12-6-3910. Estimated tax payments form; due dates; treatment of excess where estimated payments or withholdings more than tax liability.

(A) South Carolina estimated tax payments must be made in a form prescribed by the department in accordance with Internal Revenue Code Sections 6654 and 6655 except that:

(1) the small amount provisions in Internal Revenue Code Sections 6654(e)(1) and 6655(f) are one hundred dollars rather than five hundred dollars;

(2) income for the first installment for corporations is annualized using the first two months of the taxable year;

(3)(a) The due dates of the installment payments for calendar year taxpayers other than corporations are:

First quarter: April 15

Second quarter: June 15

Third quarter: September 15

Fourth quarter: January 15 of

the following

taxable year.

(b) The due dates of the installment payments for calendar year corporations are:

First quarter: March 15

Second quarter: June 15

Third quarter: September 15

Fourth quarter: December 15.

(c) In applying the estimated tax payment provisions to a taxable year beginning on a date other than January 1, the month that corresponds to the months specified above must be substituted.

(B) Payments required by this section are considered payments on account of income taxes imposed by this chapter for the taxable year designated.

(C) To the extent that estimated tax payments and withholdings are in excess of the taxpayer's income tax liability as shown on the income tax return, the taxpayer may claim a:

(1) refund;

(2) credit for estimated income tax for the succeeding taxable year; or

(3) credit against the corporate license fee for the current taxable year in the case of corporations.

SECTION 12-6-3920. Extension for filing and paying estimated taxes.

In the case of sickness, absence, or other disability or good cause, the department may in its discretion allow further time for filing and paying estimated taxes.



SECTION 12-6-4410. Taxable years.

(A) A taxpayer's taxable year under this chapter must be the same as the taxpayer's taxable year for federal income tax purposes.

(B) If a taxpayer's taxable year is changed for federal income tax purposes, then the taxable year for South Carolina income tax purposes is changed. The taxpayer shall provide the department with a copy of the written permission received from the Internal Revenue Service.

(C) A change in the taxable year of an "S" Corporation is not mandated for South Carolina income tax purposes under Internal Revenue Code Section 1378 unless mandated for federal purposes.

(D) If a change in taxable year results in a taxable year of less than twelve months, South Carolina income tax must be computed in the manner provided in Internal Revenue Code Sections 443(b) (Computation of Tax on Change of Annual Accounting Period) and 443(c) (Adjustment in Deduction for Personal Exemption).

SECTION 12-6-4420. Method of account.

(A) A taxpayer's method of accounting under this chapter must be the same as for federal income tax purposes.

(B) If a taxpayer's method of accounting is changed for federal income tax purposes:

(1) The method of accounting for South Carolina income tax purposes is changed. The taxpayer shall provide the department with a copy of the written permission received from the Internal Revenue Service. When written permission is not required to change a method of accounting, the taxpayer shall provide the department with a copy of the election or statement provided to the Internal Revenue Service.

(2) Additional South Carolina income or deductions which result from adjustments that are necessary because of a change in the method of accounting are included in or deducted from income as provided in the Internal Revenue Code.

SECTION 12-6-4430. "S" corporation elections.

(A) A taxpayer should provide the department notice of its intent to be an "S" Corporation by filing with the department a copy of the election filed with the Internal Revenue Service.

(B)(1) The approval or termination of an "S" election by the Internal Revenue Service is approval or termination for South Carolina income tax purposes as of the effective date of the federal election or termination except as provided in Section 12-6-1210(F).

(2) No termination occurs under the Internal Revenue Code Section 1362(d)(3) for South Carolina income tax purposes unless a termination occurs for federal purposes.



SECTION 12-6-4910. Persons, corporations, and other entities required to make tax returns.

Income tax returns must be filed by the following:

(1)(a) an individual not listed in subitem (c) who has a gross income for the taxable year of at least the federal exemption amount plus the applicable basic standard deduction, plus any deduction the taxpayer qualifies for pursuant to Section 12-6-1170(B), without regard to a reduction for the retirement income deduction, and whose filing status is:

(i) single, surviving spouse, or head of household; or

(ii) married, filing separately, and whose spouse does not itemize deductions.

(b) an individual not listed in (c) who files a joint return and whose combined gross income for the taxable year, is more than the sum of twice the exemption amount plus the applicable basic standard deduction if the individual and spouse had the same household at the close of the taxable year, plus any deduction the taxpayer qualifies for pursuant to Section 12-6-1170(B). If the individual or spouse is sixty-five or older, the standard deduction is increased as provided in Internal Revenue Code Section 63(c)(3) and 63(f)(1).

(c) an individual listed below whose gross income exceeds the federal personal exemption amount:

(i) an individual making a return under Internal Revenue Code Section 443(a)(1) for less than twelve months because of a change in the individual's annual accounting period;

(ii) an individual described in Internal Revenue Code Section 63(c)(5) (Certain Dependents) who has unearned income in excess of the amount provided in Internal Revenue Code Section 63(c)(5)(A), or who has total gross income in excess of the standard deduction;

(iii) an individual for whom the standard deduction is zero.

(d) a nonresident individual with South Carolina gross income.

(e) for purposes of this subsection:

(i) "basic standard deduction" is as defined in Internal Revenue Code Section 63(c);

(ii) "exemption amount" is as defined in Internal Revenue Code Section 151(d). In the case of an individual described in Internal Revenue Code Section 151(d)(2), the exemption amount is zero.

(2) a corporation subject to taxation under this chapter.

(3) an "S" Corporation conducting business in South Carolina, having South Carolina gross income, or subject to the license fee requirements of Chapter 20 of this title, or having an interest in any partnership conducting business in this State.

(4) a partnership conducting business in this State, having South Carolina gross income or having an interest in any partnership conducting business in this State.

(5) an estate with a nonresident beneficiary or with gross income for the taxable year of six hundred dollars or more.

(6) a trust with a nonresident beneficiary, any taxable income, or with gross income of six hundred dollars or more regardless of the amount of taxable income.

(7) an estate of an individual under Chapters 7 or 11 of Title 11 of the United States Code relating to bankruptcy with gross income for the taxable year of two thousand seven hundred dollars or more.

(8) Every exempt organization operating in this State subject to tax under Section 12-6-540.

(9) a political organization within the meaning of Internal Revenue Code Section 527(e)(1), and every fund treated under Internal Revenue Code Section 527(g) as if it constituted a political organization, which has political organization taxable income within the meaning of Internal Revenue Code Section 527(c)(1) for the taxable year.

(10) a homeowners association within the meaning of Internal Revenue Code Section 528(c)(1) which has homeowners association taxable income within the meaning of Internal Revenue Code Section 528(d) for the taxable year.

(11) an entity other than those described in items (1) through (10) having South Carolina taxable income during the taxable year.

SECTION 12-6-4920. Interstate motor carrier required to file return.

An interstate motor carrier which within a taxable year (1) owns or rents real or personal property in this State except mobile property; or (2) travels more than twenty-five thousand mobile property miles within this State; or (3) makes more than twelve pickups or deliveries in this State shall file an income tax return and remit the amount of tax due. The provisions of items (2) and (3) of this section apply to the holder of the operating authority issued by the Interstate Commerce Commission, not to the interstate motor carrier's agents.

SECTION 12-6-4930. Tax return of estate or trust; by whom to be made.

The income tax return of a trade or business carried on by an estate or trust must be made by the fiduciary and must show the taxable income of the estate or trust and the distribution of income to the beneficiaries. Under rules or regulations prescribed by the department, one of two or more joint fiduciaries may file a single return.

SECTION 12-6-4940. Trust institutions maintaining common trust fund must make tax return; contents.

Every trust institution maintaining a common trust fund shall make a return under oath for each taxable year. The return shall contain the items of gross income and the deductions allowed by law, the names and addresses of the participants, and the proportionate share of taxable income for each participant.

SECTION 12-6-4950. Information returns.

(A) An information return must be filed by all individuals, corporations, and partnerships acting in any capacity who make payments to another individual, corporation, or partnership in the amount of:

(1) two hundred dollars or more of interest or dividends; or

(2) eight hundred dollars or more of rent, salaries, wages, emoluments, or determinable gain, profit, or income.

(B) The return shall provide the recipient's name, address, and the amount of the payments.

(C) Providing the department with information required to be provided to the Internal Revenue Service or participating in the department agreement with the Internal Revenue Service to allow combined federal and state reporting of information returns constitutes compliance with this section.

(D) The provisions of this section do not apply to personal service compensation paid to individuals on which withholding taxes are required and reported as provided in Article 13 of Chapter 8.

SECTION 12-6-4960. Form of tax return; department to furnish blank forms; effect on taxpayer of failure to receive form.

Returns must be in a form prescribed by the department. The department shall prepare blank forms for the returns to be furnished upon request. Failure to receive or secure the form does not relieve a taxpayer from the obligation to make a return.

SECTION 12-6-4970. Time to file returns.

(A) Returns of taxpayers, except as otherwise provided, must be filed on or before the fifteenth day of the fourth month following the taxable year.

(B) Returns of corporations must be filed on or before the fifteenth day of the third month following the taxable year. Returns for foreign corporations that do not maintain an office or place of business in the United States must be filed on or before the fifteenth day of the sixth month following the taxable year.

(C) Returns of organizations exempt under Internal Revenue Code Section 501 reporting unrelated business income pursuant to Section 12-6-4910(8), must be filed on or before the fifteenth day of the fifth month following the taxable year.

(D) Information returns provided in Section 12-6-4950 must be filed on or before March 15 of each year.

(E) Returns filed electronically have the same due dates as provided in this section.

SECTION 12-6-4980. Extension of time for filing return.

(A) The department, for good cause, may allow an extension of time for filing returns under this chapter or the annual report under Chapter 20 of this title. A taxpayer requesting an extension of time for filing, on or before the date the return or annual report is due, shall submit a tentative return and pay the full amount of the tax and license fee due.

(B) When a taxpayer other than a corporation is not required to make a payment of tax at the time of the extension, and the taxpayer has been granted an extension of time to file a federal income tax return, the taxpayer is not required to apply to the department for an extension of time to file the South Carolina return. The department shall accept a copy, if applicable, of a properly filed federal extension attached to the South Carolina return when filed. Any tax shown to be due on a return required pursuant to this chapter must be paid at the time the return is due to be filed, without regard to any extension of time granted for filing the return.

SECTION 12-6-4990. Payment of tax due upon filing return; effect of extension; requirement of making estimated tax payment.

When an income tax return is required under this chapter, the taxpayer shall pay the tax due with the return to the department at the time for filing the return determined without regard to any extensions of time for the filing. Nothing in this section eliminates the requirement for making estimated tax payments as provided in Article 29 of this chapter.

SECTION 12-6-5000. Filing of separate or joint federal returns by husband and wife; same status required on state return; nonresidents; where no federal return filed.

(A) If the federal taxable income of a husband and wife are determined on separate federal returns, their South Carolina taxable income must be separately reported and taxed.

(B) If both a husband and wife are residents, and if their federal taxable income is determined on a joint federal return, their South Carolina taxable income must be reported and taxed on the basis of a joint South Carolina income tax return.

(C)(1) If both husband and wife are nonresidents or if the husband or wife is a resident and the other is a nonresident, and if their federal taxable income is determined on a joint federal return, their South Carolina taxable income must be reported and taxed on the basis of a joint South Carolina income tax return except as provided in subitem (2).

(2) If a nonresident taxpayer is a resident of a state which does not allow a resident of South Carolina to file a joint return with a spouse, the nonresident taxpayer shall file a separate South Carolina income tax return from the spouse. The nonresident taxpayer shall calculate taxable income on a federal return as a married person filing separately to determine how the separate federal taxable income is calculated.

(D) If neither a husband nor wife files a federal return, their South Carolina taxable income must be determined on a separate basis unless both elect to have their South Carolina taxable income determined on a joint basis by filing a joint South Carolina tax return.

SECTION 12-6-5010. Release of claim to personal exemption by custodial parent.

If a custodial parent releases claim to the personal exemption authorized in Internal Revenue Code Section 152, then the noncustodial parent's South Carolina income tax return must include a copy of the written declaration of the custodial spouse releasing the exemption as provided in Internal Revenue Code Section 152(e)(2).

SECTION 12-6-5020. Authorized filing of consolidated corporate income tax return; terms and conditions.

(A) A consolidated return may be filed for the following corporations:

(1) a parent and substantially controlled subsidiary or subsidiaries;

(2) two or more corporations under substantially the entire control of the same interest.

The terms "substantially controlled" and "substantially the entire control" mean the ownership of at least eighty percent of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of all corporations that are a party to a consolidated return.

(B) All corporations included in a consolidated return must be subject to tax under Section 12-6-530.

(C) A corporation doing business entirely within this State may consolidate with a corporation doing a multistate business. Two or more corporations doing a multistate business may file a consolidated return.

(D) A consolidated return means a single return for two or more corporations in which income or loss is separately determined as follows:

(1) South Carolina taxable income or loss is computed separately for each corporation;

(2) allocable income is allocated separately for each corporation;

(3) apportionable income or loss is computed utilizing separate apportionment factors for each corporation;

(4) income or loss computed in accordance with items (1) through (3) of this subsection is combined and reported on a single return for the controlled group.

(E) All corporations included in a consolidated return or a combined return must use the same accounting year.

(F) If a corporation which files or is required to file a consolidated return is entitled to one or more income tax credits, including the carryover of unused credits from prior years, the income tax credits may be determined on a consolidated basis. Limitations on credits which refer to the income or the income tax liability of a corporation are deemed to refer to the income or income tax liability of the consolidated group, and credits shall reduce the consolidated group's tax liability regardless of whether or not the corporation entitled to the credit contributed to the tax liability or of the consolidated group.

(G) The election to file a consolidated return or separate returns must be made on an original and timely return and may not be changed after the return is filed.

(H) Once an election is made to file a consolidated return, this election must be adhered to until permission is granted by the department to file separate returns.

SECTION 12-6-5030. Composite returns for partnership or "S" corporation.

(A) A partnership or "S" Corporation may file a composite individual income tax return on behalf of the nonresident partners or shareholders that are individuals, or trusts and estates in which the income is taxed to the trust or estate, or the department may require that a partnership or "S" Corporation file a composite individual income tax return on behalf of the nonresident partners or shareholders that are individuals, or trusts and estates in which the income is taxed to the trust or estate, provided that a nonresident partner or "S" Corporation shareholder having taxable income within the jurisdiction of this State from sources other than the partnership or "S" Corporation may not file as part of the composite return.

(B) A composite return is one which combines the separate South Carolina tax liabilities of the nonresident partners or shareholders and is signed by a general partner or an authorized officer of the "S" Corporation.

(C) If there is not sufficient information to determine the separate liability or the state of residence, then no deduction is allowed for personal exemptions, individual itemized deductions, or standard deductions.

(D) A composite return may be filed even if some of the nonresident fiduciary and individual shareholders and partners eligible to participate in filing a composite return choose not to participate.

(E) The department may establish procedures or promulgate rules and regulations necessary to carry out the provisions of this section.

SECTION 12-6-5050. Tax preparer's taxpayer identification number.

A person who is an income tax preparer as defined in Internal Revenue Code Section 7701(a)(36) and who performs the same services with respect to South Carolina income tax returns or claims for refund shall include with his signature on the South Carolina return or claim for refund his taxpayer identification number as prescribed by Internal Revenue Code Section 6109 and applicable regulations.

Failure to comply with the provisions of this section results in a penalty as provided in Section 12-54-47.

SECTION 12-6-5060. Voluntary contribution to certain funds may be designated on return; reporting of contributions annually by department.

(A) Each taxpayer required to file a state individual income tax return may contribute to the War Between the States Heritage Trust Fund established pursuant to Section 51-18-115, the Nongame Wildlife and Natural Areas Program Fund, the Children's Trust Fund of South Carolina established pursuant to Section 20-7-5010, the Eldercare Trust Fund of South Carolina established pursuant to Section 43-21-160, or the First Steps to School Readiness Fund established pursuant to Section 20-7-9740 by designating the contribution on the return. The contribution may be made by reducing the income tax refund or by remitting additional payment by the amount designated.

(B) All South Carolina individual income tax return forms must contain a designation for the above contributions. The instructions accompanying the income tax form must contain a description of the purposes for which the funds were established and the use of monies from the income tax contribution.

(C) The department shall determine and report annually to the appropriate agency administering the fund or in the case of the Children's Trust Fund to the fund the total amount of contributions designated to the above funds. The department shall transfer the appropriate amount to each fund at the earliest possible time. The incremental cost of administration of the contribution must be paid out of the contributions before any funds are expended as provided in this section.

(D) The Department of Natural Resources shall make a report to the General Assembly as early in January of each year as may be practicable, which must include the amount of revenue produced by the contributions and a detailed accounting of expenditures from the Nongame Wildlife and Natural Areas Fund.

(E) For purposes of this section, the South Carolina Department of Revenue is not subject to provisions of the South Carolina Solicitation of Charitable Funds Act as contained in Chapter 56, Title 33.

SECTION 12-6-5065. Contribution to Gift of Life Trust Fund.

(A) Each individual taxpayer required to file a state income tax return who desires to contribute to the Gift of Life Trust Fund of South Carolina as created by Section 44-43-1310 may designate the contribution on the appropriate state income tax form. The contribution may not increase or decrease the income tax liability of the taxpayer and may be made by reducing the income tax refund of a taxpayer by the amount designated or by accepting additional payment from the taxpayer by the amount designated, whichever is appropriate.

(B) All South Carolina individual income tax return forms must contain a designation for a contribution to the Gift of Life Trust Fund of South Carolina. The instructions accompanying income tax forms must contain a description of the purpose for which the Gift of Life Trust Fund was established and the use of monies from the income tax contribution.

(C) Taxpayers who are entitled to refunds shall have the refunds reduced by the amount designated pursuant to subsection (B). The department annually shall determine the total amount designated plus the amount received in excess payments and shall report the total amount to the State Treasurer. The State Treasurer shall credit the total amount to the Gift of Life Trust Fund at the earliest possible time.

(D) The incremental cost of administration of the contribution must be paid by the trust fund from amounts received pursuant to this section before funds are expended for the purposes of the fund.

(E) For purposes of this section, the South Carolina Department of Revenue is not subject to provisions of the South Carolina Solicitation of Charitable Funds Act as contained in Chapter 56, Title 33.

SECTION 12-6-5070. Contributions to the Veterans' Trust Fund.

(A) Each individual taxpayer required to file a state income tax return who desires to contribute to the Veterans' Trust Fund of South Carolina established pursuant to Chapter 21 of Title 25 may designate the contribution on the appropriate state income tax form. The contribution may not increase or decrease the income tax liability of the taxpayer and may be made by reducing the income tax refunds of the taxpayer by the amount designated or by accepting additional payment from the taxpayer by the amount designated, whichever is appropriate.

(B) All South Carolina individual income tax return forms must contain a designation for a contribution to the Veterans' Trust Fund of South Carolina. Contributions of other amounts may be made directly to the Veterans' Trust Fund. The instructions accompanying income tax forms must contain a description of the purposes for which the Veterans' Trust Fund was established and the use of the monies from income tax contribution.

(C) Taxpayers who are entitled to refunds shall have the refunds reduced by the amount designated by the taxpayer. The department shall determine annually the total amount so designated, plus the amount received in excess payments so designated and shall report the total amount to the State Treasurer. The department shall transfer the total amount to the Veterans' Trust Fund at the earliest possible time.

(D) The incremental cost of administration of this contribution must be paid by the Veterans' Trust Fund from amounts received pursuant to this section.

(E) For purposes of this section, the South Carolina Department of Revenue is not subject to provisions of the South Carolina Solicitation of Charitable Funds Act as contained in Chapter 56, Title 33.

SECTION 12-6-5080. Designation on individual income tax forms enabling taxpayers to contribute to Drug Awareness Resistance Education.

(A) Each taxpayer required to file a state individual income tax return may contribute to the Drug Awareness Resistance Education (DARE) Fund by designating the contribution on the return. The contribution may be made by reducing the income tax refund or by remitting additional payment by the amount designated.

(B) All South Carolina individual income tax return forms must contain a designation for the above contribution. The instructions accompanying the income tax form must contain a description of the purposes for which the funds were established and the use of monies from the income tax contribution.

(C) The department shall determine and report annually to the fund the total amount of contributions designated. The department shall transfer the appropriate amount to each fund at the earliest possible time. The incremental cost of administration of the contribution must be paid out of the contributions before any funds are expended as provided in this section.

(D) For purposes of this section, the South Carolina Department of Revenue is not subject to provisions of the South Carolina Solicitation of Charitable Funds Act as contained in Chapter 56, Title 33.

SECTION 12-6-5095. Rounding to nearest whole dollar on tax returns.

For purposes of a return filed pursuant to this chapter, all amounts may be rounded by the department or the taxpayer to the nearest whole dollar. An amount of fifty cents or more may be rounded to the next dollar. An amount of less than fifty cents may be eliminated.



SECTION 12-6-5510. Certificate of compliance as prima facie evidence.

A certificate of compliance from the department to the effect that a tax has been paid, that a return has been filed, or that information has been supplied as required by the provisions of this chapter is prima facie evidence that the tax has been paid, that the return has been filed, or that the information has been supplied.

SECTION 12-6-5520. Notification to domestic or foreign corporation of failure to file return; penalty upon continued failure to comply.

(A) The department shall notify a domestic or foreign corporation, as defined in Section 12-20-10(3) and (4), of its failure to comply with the provisions of this chapter and Chapter 20 of this title requiring the filing of returns. If the corporation fails to file the required return within sixty days of the notice, the department may provide the taxpayer's name to the Secretary of State. The department may not make an estimated assessment or issue any warrant based on an estimated assessment against a taxpayer prior to referring such taxpayer to the Secretary of State for administrative dissolution or revocation.

(B) After referral from the department, the Secretary of State shall administratively dissolve a domestic corporation or revoke a foreign corporation's authority to transact business in this State.

SECTION 12-6-5530. Income taxes payable by check; taxpayer liable for tax and penalties when check dishonored by bank.

Income taxes may be paid with an uncertified check, but if a check is not paid by the bank on which it is drawn, the taxpayer remains liable for the payment of the tax and for all legal penalties as if the check had not been tendered.

SECTION 12-6-5540. Copies of returns; verification of information on returns.

The department may require a taxpayer to provide copies of returns filed with the Internal Revenue Service and verify the information contained on the returns.

SECTION 12-6-5550. State income tax refund as belonging to surviving spouse.

(A) A federal or state income tax overpayment due to a person who is deceased at the time of the refund is the sole and separate property of the surviving spouse irrespective of the deceased's filing status on the return.

(B) A refund by the United States or any state directly to the surviving spouse operates as a complete acquittal and discharge of liability from suit, claim, or demand of any nature by any heir, distributee, or creditor of the decedent, or by any other person.

SECTION 12-6-5560. Returned and unclaimed refund checks; public inspection of lists; cancellation and reissuance of checks.

(A) The department shall prepare a list for each county that contains the name and last known address of each person in each county whose income tax refund check has been returned for the reason of unknown or insufficient address. Each county list must be sent to the corresponding courthouse with a request that it be posted or otherwise be made available for public inspection.

(B) A refund check may be voided if it remains unclaimed for at least three months from the date of mailing the county list. A refund check so voided must be reissued upon application by the taxpayer before the expiration of the statute of limitation on claims for refunds.

(C) The action taken pursuant to the authority contained in this section is not a violation of Section 12-54-240.

SECTION 12-6-5570. Authority to make expenditures.

The department, with the approval of the State Budget and Control Board, may expend from the revenue collected under this chapter additional money necessary to ensure the adequate administration and enforcement of this chapter.

SECTION 12-6-5580. Failure to do an act deemed committed in person's county of residence.

The failure to do an act required by or under the provisions of this chapter is deemed an act committed in the county of residence of the person failing to do the act.